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The Journal of Neuroscience, August 1, 2007, 27(31):8309-8313; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1781-07.2007

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Brief Communications
CD200 Ligand–Receptor Interaction Modulates Microglial Activation In Vivo and In Vitro: A Role for IL-4

Anthony Lyons,^1 * Eric J. Downer,^1 * Suzanne Crotty,³ Yvonne M. Nolan,³ Kingston H. G. Mills,² and Marina A. Lynch¹

¹Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, Physiology Department, and ²Immune Regulation Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland, and ³Biosciences Institute, University College, Cork, Ireland

Correspondence should be addressed to Prof. Marina A. Lynch, Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, Physiology Department, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland. Email: lynchma{at}tcd.ie

Deficits in cognitive function are associated with neuroinflammatory changes, typified by activation of glial cells and an alteration of the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine balance in the brain. Although there is evidence to suggest that activation of microglia is regulated by interaction with other cell types in the brain, the mechanism(s) involved is poorly understood. Here, we provide evidence that interaction between CD200 and its receptor plays a role in modulating microglial activation under conditions of chronic and acute inflammation of the brain. We report that interleukin-4 (IL-4) plays a central role in modulating expression of CD200 and identify a mechanism by which IL-4 directly controls microglial cell activation. Our findings provide the first demonstration of a role for IL-4 in modulating CD200 expression and suggest a mechanism for regulation of microglial activation in the intact CNS under inflammatory conditions.

Key words: CD200; IL-4; microglia; neurodegeneration; neuroinflammation; aging

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Received April 19, 2007; revised June 14, 2007; accepted June 18, 2007.

Correspondence should be addressed to Prof. Marina A. Lynch, Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, Physiology Department, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland. Email: lynchma{at}tcd.ie

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