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The Journal of Neuroscience, March 12, 2008, 28(11):2793-2803; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3476-07.2008

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Behavioral/Systems/Cognitive
Rapid Interactions between the Ventral Visual Stream and Emotion-Related Structures Rely on a Two-Pathway Architecture

David Rudrauf,^1,2 Olivier David,^3,7 Jean-Philippe Lachaux,⁶ Christopher K. Kovach,² Jacques Martinerie,¹ Bernard Renault,^1,5 and Antonio Damasio⁴

¹Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Imagerie Cérébrale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Propre de Recherche 640–Laboratoire d'Electroencephalographie et de Neurophysiologie Appliquée, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75651 Paris Cedex 13, France, ²Laboratory of Computational Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, Division of Behavioral Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, ³Inserm, U836, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France, ⁴Brain and Creativity Institute and Dornsife Cognitive Neuroimaging Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-2520, ⁵MEG Center Paris (Université Pierre et Marie Curie, CNRS, Inserm, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière), Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75651 Paris Cedex 13, France, ⁶Inserm, U821, Cerebral Dynamics and Cognition, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, 69500 Bron, France, and ⁷Université Joseph Fourier, 38041 Grenoble, France

Correspondence should be addressed to David Rudrauf, Laboratory of Computational Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, Division of Behavioral Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Iowa College of Medicine, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242. Email: david-rudrauf{at}uiowa.edu

Visual attention can be driven by the affective significance of visual stimuli before full-fledged processing of the stimuli. Two kinds of models have been proposed to explain this phenomenon: models involving sequential processing along the ventral visual stream, with secondary feedback from emotion-related structures ("two-stage models"); and models including additional short-cut pathways directly reaching the emotion-related structures ("two-pathway models"). We tested which type of model would best predict real magnetoencephalographic responses in subjects presented with arousing visual stimuli, using realistic models of large-scale cerebral architecture and neural biophysics. The results strongly support a "two-pathway" hypothesis. Both standard models including the retinotectal pathway and nonstandard models including cortical–cortical long-range fasciculi appear plausible.

Key words: attention; emotion; limbic; magnetoencephalography; network; visual

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Received July 31, 2007; revised Dec. 19, 2007; accepted Dec. 20, 2007.

Correspondence should be addressed to David Rudrauf, Laboratory of Computational Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, Division of Behavioral Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Iowa College of Medicine, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242. Email: david-rudrauf{at}uiowa.edu

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