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The Journal of Neuroscience, July 30, 2008, 28(31):7828-7836; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1097-08.2008

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Neurobiology of Disease
Intra-Amygdaloid Injection of Kainic Acid in Rats with Genetic Absence Epilepsy: The Relationship of Typical Absence Epilepsy and Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Ayten Azizova Gurbanova,¹ Rezzan Gülhan Aker,^1,3 Serap Sirvanci,² Tamer Demiralp,⁴ and Filiz Yilmaz Onat^1,3

¹Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, ²Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, ³Epilepsy Research Center, Marmara University, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey, and ⁴Department of Physiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, 340931 Istanbul, Turkey

Correspondence should be addressed to Prof. Filiz Yilmaz Onat, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey. Email: fonat{at}marmara.edu.tr

We showed previously that genetic absence epilepsy rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) resist secondary generalization of focal limbic seizures after electrical kindling. We now investigate the effect of intra-amygdaloid injection of kainic acid, as another model of temporal lobe epilepsy, focusing on epileptogenesis, spike-and-wave discharges (SWDs), and the transition from basal to SWD states in GAERS. The EEG was recorded from the hippocampus and cortex of adult GAERS and Wistar rats before kainic acid injections into the basolateral amygdala and for 3 months thereafter. EEG and video recordings monitored SWDs and convulsive seizures. We analyzed spectral changes of the EEG during kainic acid-induced status epilepticus, SWDs, for 10 s before (silent period) and for 2 s before (transition period) SWDs. After the injection of kainic acid, all animals experienced convulsive seizures for at least 3 h. The first convulsive seizure was significantly delayed in GAERS compared with Wistar rats. SWDs and increases in power of the delta, alpha, and beta frequency ranges during the transition period disappeared after the kainic acid injection for 1–3 d and gradually reappeared. Power increases in the delta and alpha ranges were significantly correlated with the number of SWDs, in the beta and alpha ranges with their mean duration. Neo-Timm's staining at the end of experiments demonstrated that mossy fiber sprouting in GAERS is less pronounced than in Wistar rats. Our findings show that mechanisms underlying absence epilepsy and temporal lobe epilepsy interact with each other, although a site of this interaction remains to be defined.

Key words: spike-and-wave discharges in EEG; power spectrum; fast Fourier transformation; interictal to ictal transition; cortico-thalamo-cortical circuitry; mossy fiber sprouting

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Received Nov. 23, 2007; revised May 12, 2008; accepted June 11, 2008.

Correspondence should be addressed to Prof. Filiz Yilmaz Onat, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey. Email: fonat{at}marmara.edu.tr

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