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The Journal of Neuroscience, July 1, 2009, 29(26):8586-8594; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1868-09.2009

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Behavioral/Systems/Cognitive
Distinct Cerebellar Contributions to Intrinsic Connectivity Networks

Christophe Habas,^1 * Nirav Kamdar,^2 * Daniel Nguyen,² Katherine Prater,² Christian F. Beckmann,³ Vinod Menon,^2,4 and Michael D. Greicius^2,4,5

¹Service de NeuroImagerie, Hôpital des Quinze-Vingts, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, 75012 Paris, France, ²Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California 94304, ³Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain, Department of Clinical Neurology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom, ⁴Program in Neuroscience, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5173, and ⁵Functional Imaging in Neuropsychiatric Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305-5235

Correspondence should be addressed to Dr. Christophe Habas, Service de NeuroImagerie, Hôpital des Quinze-Vingts, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, 28, rue de Charenton, 75012 Paris, France. Email: chabas{at}quinze-vingts.fr

Convergent data from various scientific approaches strongly implicate cerebellar systems in nonmotor functions. The functional anatomy of these systems has been pieced together from disparate sources, such as animal studies, lesion studies in humans, and structural and functional imaging studies in humans. To better define this distinct functional anatomy, in the current study we delineate the role of the cerebellum in several nonmotor systems simultaneously and in the same subjects using resting state functional connectivity MRI. Independent component analysis was applied to resting state data from two independent datasets to identify common cerebellar contributions to several previously identified intrinsic connectivity networks (ICNs) involved in executive control, episodic memory/self-reflection, salience detection, and sensorimotor function. We found distinct cerebellar contributions to each of these ICNs. The neocerebellum participates in (1) the right and left executive control networks (especially crus I and II), (2) the salience network (lobule VI), and (3) the default-mode network (lobule IX). Little to no overlap was detected between these cerebellar regions and the sensorimotor cerebellum (lobules V–VI). Clusters were also located in pontine and dentate nuclei, prominent points of convergence for cerebellar input and output, respectively. The results suggest that the most phylogenetically recent part of the cerebellum, particularly crus I and II, make contributions to parallel cortico-cerebellar loops involved in executive control, salience detection, and episodic memory/self-reflection. The largest portions of the neocerebellum take part in the executive control network implicated in higher cognitive functions such as working memory.

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Received April 20, 2009; revised May 18, 2009; accepted May 20, 2009.

Correspondence should be addressed to Dr. Christophe Habas, Service de NeuroImagerie, Hôpital des Quinze-Vingts, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, 28, rue de Charenton, 75012 Paris, France. Email: chabas{at}quinze-vingts.fr

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