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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 3, 942-961, Copyright © 1983 by Society for Neuroscience
Analysis of the microphonic potential of the bullfrog's sacculus
DP Corey and AJ Hudspeth
The sensory epithelium from the bullfrog's sacculus was mounted between two
chambers and stimulated by moving the otolithic membrane with a
piezoelectric stimulator. The evoked response was measured as the
transepithelial "microphonic" potential or, when the epithelium was voltage
clamped, as the microphonic current. Microphonic responses were similar to
those recorded in other preparations: the whole organ produced a "2f"
response (i.e., a response of a frequency twice that of the stimulus) which
could be changed to a single-polarity response by stimulating cells of a
single polarity; the response saturated asymmetrically with displacement,
producing a rectification; and the amplitude declined at high and low
frequencies. To determine the cellular elements responsible for generation
of the microphonic potential, the equivalent circuit of the epithelium was
estimated from morphological and electrophysiological data, and responses
to step displacement stimuli were recorded. Four elements in particular
shape the microphonic potential: the complex impedance of the extracellular
current path, the saturating displacement-conductance curve, an adaptation
mechanism which shifts that curve, and a voltage-dependent K+ conductance
in the basolateral hair cell membrane. A quantitative model incorporating
these elements accurately reproduces the observed responses.
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