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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 6, 514-521, Copyright © 1986 by Society for Neuroscience
Differentiation of NTERA-2 clonal human embryonal carcinoma cells into neurons involves the induction of all three neurofilament proteins
VM Lee and PW Andrews
Monoclonal antibodies were used in indirect immunofluorescence and
immunoblot studies to examine the expression of four different classes of
intermediate filaments, namely, neurofilaments, glial filaments,
cytokeratin, and vimentin, in NTERA-2 cl.D1 (NT2/D1) pluripotent human
embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells, and in the neurons derived from these cells
by differentiation induced with retinoic acid. In the EC cell cultures,
grown in the absence of retinoic acid, cytokeratin was the predominant
intermediate filament detected by immunofluorescence; only a few cells
expressed vimentin, and none expressed glial filament protein or any of the
three neurofilament proteins (NF195, NF170, and NF70). Immunoblot analyses
of cytoskeletal extracts of these cells supported these data. Two days
after exposure to retinoic acid, all three neurofilament subunits were
detected in a few cells with a non- neuronal morphology and, by double
indirect immunofluorescence, were observed to colocalize with cytokeratin.
The number of neurofilament- positive cells increased with time after
initial exposure to retinoic acid, and although 95% of these cells
contained cytokeratin initially, less than 5% of the neurofilament-positive
cells retained cytokeratin 2 weeks later. By this time, many of the cells
expressing all three neurofilaments but no cytokeratin exhibited a neuronal
morphology. Vimentin was evident in a large number of cells in the
cultures, but it was not detected in the neurofilament-positive cells.
Also, many of the neurofilament-negative cells continued to express
cytokeratin. No cells expressing glial filament proteins were found.
Immunoblot analysis of the differentiated cultures also revealed all three
neurofilament subunits, and vimentin and cytokeratin, but no glial filament
protein.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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