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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 7, 1123-1132, Copyright © 1987 by Society for Neuroscience
Biochemical and immunocytological localization of the neuropeptides FMRFamide, SCPA, SCPB, to neurons involved in the regulation of feeding in Aplysia
PE Lloyd, M Frankfurt, P Stevens, I Kupfermann and KR Weiss
The localization of the neuropeptide FMRFamide in the buccal ganglia and
buccal muscles of Aplysia was studied by immunocytology and high- pressure
liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with either a sensitive bioassay or
35S-methionine labeling. Immunocytology with an antiserum directed to
FMRFamide stained a large number of fibers, varicosities, and neuronal
somata. Two groups of stained neurons were of particular interest. One was
the S cells, a group comprised of many small neurons, the majority of which
were stained. HPLC of pooled labeled S cells confirmed that at least some
of these neurons synthesize FMRFamide. The other group of stained neurons
were in the ventral cluster, a group comprised of a small number of large
neurons, many of which are motor neurons that innervate the buccal muscles
involved in producing biting and swallowing movements. Several of the
ventral neurons were previously shown to contain 2 other neuropeptides, the
small cardioactive peptides SCPA and SCPB. These neurons are sufficiently
large to permit HPLC analyses of the neuropeptides synthesized by
individual neurons. This procedure confirmed that individual ventral
neurons synthesized FMRFamide, or the SCPs, or all 3 peptides. The
coexistence of FMRFamide and the SCPs in the same neuron was confirmed by
simultaneous staining of sections from the buccal ganglia with a monoclonal
antibody to the SCPs and an antiserum to FMRFamide. The coexistence of the
3 peptides in the same neuron was surprising in light of the observations
that these peptides often have opposite biological activity. The ventral
neurons are large and potentially identifiable as individuals. Thus, these
neurons may be particularly useful for studying the physiological and
behavioral roles of neuropeptides in generating complex behaviors.
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