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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 7, 2097-2112, Copyright © 1987 by Society for Neuroscience
Modulation of the lobster pyloric rhythm by the peptide proctolin
SL Hooper and E Marder
The modulation of the pyloric network of the stomatogastric ganglion (STG)
of the lobster Panulirus interruptus by the neuropeptide proctolin is
described. First, the effects of proctolin on the pyloric motor patterns
were characterized in terms of frequency and phase relations. Pyloric cycle
frequency and lateral pyloric (LP) neuron activity increased and
ventricular dilator (VD) neuron activity decreased with increasing
concentrations (10(-9)-10(-6) M) of applied proctolin. Next, the effects of
proctolin on the individual neurons that constitute the pyloric network
were determined. Identified neurons were isolated from chemical and
electrical presynaptic inputs by using pharmacological agents (Marder and
Eisen, 1984a) and/or photoinactivation following Lucifer yellow injection
(Miller and Selverston, 1979). Proctolin increased the amplitude and
frequency of bursts produced by isolated pacemaker anterior burster (AB)
neurons. Isolated LP and pyloric (PY) neurons responded to proctolin with
increases in activity only when they were at or above threshold. All other
pyloric neurons were unaffected. To determine how the direct effects of
proctolin on isolated neurons resulted in the observed changes in frequency
and phase relations in the motor pattern of the intact pyloric circuit seen
in proctolin, individual neurons were deleted from the circuit. A
comparison of proctolin's effects on isolated neurons with those on the
intact network shows that the synaptic connectivity among neurons directly
affected by proctolin and those unaffected by it shapes the network's
response to proctolin.
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