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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 7, 2312-2319, Copyright © 1987 by Society for Neuroscience
Localization of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) neurons that project to the median eminence
AJ Silverman, J Jhamandas and LP Renaud
The neuropeptide, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH), is released
from nerve terminals in the median eminence and carried via the hypophysial
portal system to the anterior pituitary, where it stimulates the release of
gonadotropins. LHRH-containing neurons are located in many different
regions of the rodent brain, including olfactory, septal, preoptic, and
hypothalamic structures. Since those LHRH neurons that project to the
median eminence form the final common pathway for the regulation of the
pituitary/gonadal axis, we wished to determine which of these cell groups
are afferent to this structure. A retrograde tracer, the lectin wheat germ
agglutinin (WGA), was placed directly on the exposed surface of median
eminence. Following survival times of 8-13 hr, brains were prepared for the
dual immunocytochemical detection of WGA and LHRH. Approximately 50% of the
LHRH neurons from the level of the septal nuclei caudalward were found to
contain WGA immunoreactivity and therefore to project to the median
eminence. The remaining single-labeled LHRH neurons were intermingled with
the double- labeled cells. The 2 populations were not distinguishable from
each other on either cytological or cytoarchitectonic criteria. Those LHRH
neurons that were not retrogradely labeled following an injection of tracer
into the median eminence are presumed to project to other regions of the
central nervous system. We conclude that the LHRH neurons that are directly
involved in the regulation of reproductive function are very heterogeneous,
widely scattered in telencephalic and diencephalic regions.
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