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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 8, 2381-2393, Copyright © 1988 by Society for Neuroscience
Oligodendrocytes and CNS myelin are nonpermissive substrates for neurite growth and fibroblast spreading in vitro
ME Schwab and P Caroni
Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
To study the interaction of neurons with CNS glial cells, dissociated
sympathetic or sensory ganglion cells or fetal retinal cells were plated
onto cultures of dissociated optic nerve glial cells of young rats. Whereas
astrocytes favored neuron adhesion and neurite outgrowth, oligodendrocytes
differed markedly in their properties as neuronal substrates. Immature
(O4+, A2B5+, GalC-) oligodendrocytes were frequently contacted by neurons
and neurites. In contrast, differentiated oligodendrocytes (O4+, A2B5-,
GalC+) represented a nonpermissive substrate for neuronal adhesion and
neurite growth. When neuroblastoma cells or 3T3 fibroblasts were plated
into optic nerve glial cultures, the same differences were observed;
differentiated oligodendrocytes were nonpermissive for cell adhesion,
neurite growth, or fibroblast spreading. These nonpermissive
oligodendrocytes were characterized by a radial, highly branched process
network, often contained myelin basic protein, and may, therefore,
correspond to cells actively involved in the production of myelin-like
membranes. Isolated myelin from adult rat spinal cord was adsorbed to
polylysine-coated culture dishes and tested as a substrate for peripheral
neurons, neuroblastoma cells, or 3T3 cells. Again, cell attachment, neurite
outgrowth, and fibroblast spreading was strongly impaired. General
physicochemical properties of myelin were not responsible for this effect,
since myelin from rat sciatic nerves favored neuron adhesion and neurite
growth as well as spreading of 3T3 cells. These results show that
differentiated oligodendrocytes express nonpermissive substrate properties,
which may be of importance in CNS development or regeneration.
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