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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 8, 2452-2459, Copyright © 1988 by Society for Neuroscience
Morphological basis of short-term habituation in Aplysia
CH Bailey and M Chen
Department of Anatomy, College of Physicans and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032.
We have explored the morphological basis of the synaptic depression that
underlies short-term habituation of the gill-withdrawal reflex in Aplysia
by examining the fine structure of the presynaptic terminals of identified
sensory neurons--a critical site of plasticity for the biochemical and
biophysical changes that underlie this elementary form of learning. The
structure of sensory neuron synapses from control (unstimulated) cells was
compared with that of sensory neuron synapses from cells in which synaptic
transmission had been depressed by repeated activation. We focused our
analysis, as we had in an earlier study of long-term memory (Bailey and
Chen, 1983), on the morphology of active zones at sensory neuron synapses.
We found that both the incidence and size of serially reconstructed active
zones were not changed in cells exposed to short-term habituation. This
contrasts sharply with the reduction in both the frequency and surface area
of sensory neuron active zones that accompanies long-term habituation, and
suggests that modulation of active zone number and size may be an
anatomical correlate that lies in the long-term domain. A quantitative
analysis of the relationship between the active zone and nearby vesicle
populations revealed a possible morphological substrate for the
homosynaptic depression that underlies short-term habituation. Habituation
leads to a depletion of synaptic vesicles immediately adjacent to the
active zone. The ratio of this readily releasable pool of vesicles to the
total population of vesicles associated with the active zone is 28% for
control terminals, but only 11.5% for habituated terminals.(ABSTRACT
TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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