Figure 4.
LPS induced a sustained activation of microglia and inflammatory gene transcription 2 months after sepsis. A, CD11b immunohistochemistry demonstrates sustained and focal microglial activation in the frontal cortex in response to LPS administration (mean ± SEM, n = 10, ANOVA, F = 8.71, Tukey post hoc analysis, *p < 0.05). B, Quantification of NeuN and GFAP immunostaining 2 months after sepsis (mean ± SEM, n = 10, ANOVA, F = 2.98 for GFAP and F = 1.3 for NeuN). C, RT-PCR analysis of TNFα and Il-1β transcripts in wild-type (wt) and NOS2−/− mice in the frontal cortex (FC), hippocampus (HC), and the cerebellum (Cb) (mean ± SEM, n = 5, ANOVA, F = 16.13 for FC, F = 3.67 for HC and F = 6.62 for CB, Tukey post hoc analysis, *p < 0.01 wt or NOS2−/− vs wt+LPS, ##p < 0.01 NOS2−/− vs NOS2−/− + LPS). D, RT-PCR analysis of Il-1β transcripts in wt and NOS2−/− mice in the FC, HC, and the Cb (mean ± SEM, n = 5, ANOVA, F = 7.36 for FC, F = 1.72 for HC and F = 0.43 for CB, Tukey post hoc analysis, *p < 0.01 wt or NOS2−/− vs wt+LPS, ##p < 0.01 NOS2−/− vs NOS2−/− + LPS).