Figure 2.
Repeated apneas trigger LTF of inspiratory genioglossus tone.
A
, Genioglossus (GG) EMG activity before (baseline), during, and after repeated apneas. Note that inspiratory genioglossus tone increased above baseline levels (dotted line) after repeated apneas, i.e., LTF.
B
, Integrated genioglossus EMG activity during baseline and at 15, 30, 45, and 60 min after repeated apneas.
C
, Group mean data showing that repeated apneas trigger LTF of inspiratory genioglossus tone; at 15, 30, 45, and 60 min after repeated apneas, genioglossus activity increased above baseline levels. However, genioglossus activity remained stable across the 60 min recording period when repeated apneas were absent (i.e., time control).
D
,
E
, Group data demonstrating that diaphragm (DIA) EMG activity and respiratory frequency were unaffected by repeated apneas and remained stable in time-matched control recordings. Group data are expressed as percentage change from baseline ± SEM. *p < 0.05, significantly different from baseline.