Article Information
- Received April 4, 2017
- Revision received December 30, 2017
- Accepted January 9, 2018
- First published February 12, 2018.
- Version of record published March 21, 2018.
Author Information
- Jeffrey G. Malins1,2,
- Kenneth R. Pugh1,3,4,5,
- Bonnie Buis1,
- Stephen J. Frost1,
- Fumiko Hoeft1,6,7,8,
- Nicole Landi1,3,
- W. Einar Mencl1,4,
- Anish Kurian1,3,
- Ryan Staples1,
- Peter J. Molfese1,3,9,
- Rose Sevcik10, and
- Robin Morris10
- 1Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, Connecticut 06511,
- 2Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520,
- 3Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269,
- 4Department of Linguistics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511,
- 5Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520,
- 6Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143,
- 7Dyslexia Center, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143,
- 8UC6-Stanford Precision Learning Center Neurosciences, San Francisco, California 94143,
- 9Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institutes of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, and
- 10Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303
Author contributions
Author contributions: J.G.M., K.R.P., S.J.F., F.H., N.L., W.E.M., A.K., P.J.M., R. Sevcik, and R.M. designed research; J.G.M., K.R.P., B.B., S.J.F., F.H., N.L., W.E.M., A.K., R. Staples, P.J.M., and R.M. performed research; J.G.M., W.E.M., A.K., R. Staples, and P.J.M. contributed unpublished reagents/analytic tools; J.G.M., B.B., W.E.M., and R. Staples analyzed data; J.G.M., K.R.P., S.J.F., F.H., N.L., W.E.M., A.K., R. Sevcik, and R.M. wrote the paper.
Disclosures
- Received April 4, 2017.
- Revision received December 30, 2017.
- Accepted January 9, 2018.
This work was supported by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of the National Institutes of Health (Grant P01HD070837 to Georgia State University, Grants P01HD001994, R01HD086168, and R37HD090153 to Haskins Laboratories). F.H. was supported by the National Institutes of Health (Grants R01HD078351, R01HD067254, P50HD052120, and R01HD044073), University of California Office of the President (Grant MRP-17-454926), the Oak Foundation (Grant ORIO-16-012), and the National Science Foundation (Grant 1540854). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. We thank the children and their parents, as well as their schools and teachers, for participation in this study and Candice Goerger for her extensive role in recruitment and data collection at the Atlanta site.
The authors declare no competing financial interests.
- Correspondence should be addressed to Jeffrey G. Malins, Haskins Laboratories, 300 George Street Suite 900, New Haven, CT, 06511. jeffrey.malins{at}yale.edu
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