RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor-Mediated Neuroprotection of Adult Rat Retinal Ganglion Cells In Vivo Does Not Exclusively Depend on Phosphatidyl-Inositol-3′-Kinase/Protein Kinase B Signaling JF The Journal of Neuroscience JO J. Neurosci. FD Society for Neuroscience SP 6962 OP 6967 DO 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.20-18-06962.2000 VO 20 IS 18 A1 Nikolaj Klöcker A1 Pawel Kermer A1 Jochen H. Weishaupt A1 Monika Labes A1 Richard Ankerhold A1 Mathias Bähr YR 2000 UL http://www.jneurosci.org/content/20/18/6962.abstract AB The neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) serves as a survival, mitogenic, and differentiation factor in both the developing and adult CNS and PNS. In an attempt to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying BDNF neuroprotection, we studied activation of two potentially neuroprotective signal transduction pathways by BDNF in a CNS trauma model. Transection of the optic nerve (ON) in the adult rat induces secondary death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Repeated intraocular injections of BDNF prevent the degeneration of RGCs 14 d after ON lesion most likely by inhibition of apoptosis. Here, we report that BDNF activates both protein kinase B (PKB) via a phosphatidyl-inositol-3′-kinase (PI-3-K)-dependent mechanism and the mitogen-activated protein kinases extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1) and ERK2. Furthermore, we provide evidence that BDNF suppresses cleavage and enzymatic activity of the neuronal cell death effector caspase-3. Distinct from our recent study in which inhibition of the PI-3-K/PKB pathway attenuated the survival-promoting action of insulin-like growth factor-I on axotomized RGCs (Kermer et al., 2000), it does not in the case of BDNF. Thus, we assume that BDNF does not depend on a single signal transduction pathway exerting its neuroprotective effects on lesioned CNS neurons.