RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Retinocollicular Synapse Maturation and Plasticity Are Regulated by Correlated Retinal Waves JF The Journal of Neuroscience JO J. Neurosci. FD Society for Neuroscience SP 292 OP 303 DO 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4276-07.2008 VO 28 IS 1 A1 Ruchir D. Shah A1 Michael C. Crair YR 2008 UL http://www.jneurosci.org/content/28/1/292.abstract AB During development, spontaneous retinal waves are thought to provide an instructive signal for retinotopic map formation in the superior colliculus. In mice lacking the β2 subunit of nicotinic ACh receptors (β2−/−), correlated retinal waves are absent during the first postnatal week, but return during the second postnatal week. In control retinocollicular synapses, in vitro analysis reveals that AMPA/NMDA ratios and AMPA quantal amplitudes increase during the first postnatal week while the prevalence of silent synapses decreases. In age-matched β2−/− mice, however, these parameters remain unchanged through the first postnatal week in the absence of retinal waves, but quickly mature to control levels by the end of the second week, suggesting that the delayed onset of correlated waves is able to drive synapse maturation. To examine whether such a mechanistic relationship exists, we applied a “burst-based” plasticity protocol that mimics coincident activity during retinal waves. We find that this pattern of activation is indeed capable of inducing synaptic strengthening [long-term potentiation (LTP)] on average across genotypes early in the first postnatal week [postnatal day 3 (P3) to P4] and, interestingly, that the capacity for LTP at the end of the first week (P6–P7) is significantly greater in immature β2−/− synapses than in mature control synapses. Together, our results suggest that retinal waves drive retinocollicular synapse maturation through a learning rule that is physiologically relevant to natural wave statistics and that these synaptic changes may serve an instructive role during retinotopic map refinement.