RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Nucleus Accumbens Medium Spiny Neurons Target Non-Dopaminergic Neurons in the Ventral Tegmental Area JF The Journal of Neuroscience JO J. Neurosci. FD Society for Neuroscience SP 7811 OP 7816 DO 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1504-11.2011 VO 31 IS 21 A1 Yanfang Xia A1 Joseph R. Driscoll A1 Linda Wilbrecht A1 Elyssa B. Margolis A1 Howard L. Fields A1 Gregory O. Hjelmstad YR 2011 UL http://www.jneurosci.org/content/31/21/7811.abstract AB The midbrain ventral tegmental area (VTA) projection to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) is implicated in motivation and reinforcement. A significant number of NAc medium spiny neurons (MSNs) project back to the VTA, although the nature of this projection is essentially unknown. For example, do NAc MSNs directly target accumbens-projecting dopamine neurons and do they act via the GABAA or GABAB receptor? To address these issues, we expressed the light-sensitive channel rhodopsin-2 in the rat NAc and made electrophysiological recordings from VTA neurons ex vivo. We found that the NAc directly targets non-dopaminergic VTA neurons, including some that project back to the NAc. These MSN GABAergic terminals are opioid sensitive and act via GABAA receptors.