RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Cognitive Mappers to Creatures of Habit: Differential Engagement of Place and Response Learning Mechanisms Predicts Human Navigational Behavior
JF The Journal of Neuroscience
JO J. Neurosci.
FD Society for Neuroscience
SP 15264
OP 15268
DO 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3634-11.2011
VO 31
IS 43
A1 Steven A. Marchette
A1 Arnold Bakker
A1 Amy L. Shelton
YR 2011
UL http://www.jneurosci.org/content/31/43/15264.abstract
AB Learning to navigate plays an integral role in the survival of humans and other animals. Research on human navigation has largely focused on how we deliberately map out our world. However, many of us also have experiences of navigating on “autopilot” or out of habit. Animal models have identified this cognitive mapping versus habit learning as two dissociable systems for learning a space—a hippocampal place-learning system and a striatal response-learning system. Here, we use this dichotomy in humans to understand variability in navigational style by demonstrating that brain activation during spatial encoding can predict where a person's behavior falls on a continuum from a more flexible cognitive map-like strategy to a more rigid creature-of-habit approach. These findings bridge the wealth of knowledge gained from animal models and the study of human behavior, opening the door to a more comprehensive understanding of variability in human spatial learning and navigation.