Mean latencies (± SE) to slow wave sleep (SWS) and paradoxical sleep (PS) in HDC+/+ and HDC−/− mice after behavioral challenge or drug administration
| Latencies to SWS (min) | Latencies to PS (min) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HDC +/+ | HDC −/− | HDC +/+ | HDC −/− | ||
| Simulation of injection | (n = 26) | 15.7 ± 1.3 | 9.9 ± 1.11-160 | 48.7 ± 8.5 | 23.8 ± 2.5* |
| Litter change | (n = 36) | 25.1 ± 1.2 | 14.9 ± 1.11-168 | 50.1 ± 2.8 | 37.8 ± 2.81-160 |
| Environmental change at 2:00 P.M. | (n = 18) | 42.5 ± 8.9 | 18.4 ± 1.81-165 | 91.0 ± 9.3 | 51.3 ± 4.21-165 |
| Return to home cage | 16.2 ± 3.7 | 12.4 ± 1.8 | 28.5 ± 9.3 | 21.0 ± 2.3 | |
| Environmental change at 6:00 P.M. | (n = 22) | 35.7 ± 6.5 | 15.3 ± 1.51-160 | 109.6 ± 14.3 | 49.0 ± 4.61-165 |
| Return to home cage | 19.2 ± 1.4 | 17.6 ± 2.2 | 39.9 ± 2.9 | 32.1 ± 2.4 | |
| Ciproxifan 1 mg/kg i.p. | (n = 9) | 53.7 ± 7.21-242 | 11.1 ± 3.41-168 | 91.1 ± 13.51-241 | 30.3 ± 4.61-168 |
| αFMH 50 mg/kg i.p. | (n = 14) | 12.4 ± 2.6 | 8.8 ± 2.2 | 46.8 ± 4.6 | 35.0 ± 3.9* |
Note a significant decrease in the latencies to SWS and PS in HDC−/− compared with HDC+/+ mice after all behavioral challenges and a significant increase in latencies to SWS and PS in HDC+/+ mice after ciproxifan injection. In parentheses, Number of behavioral test experiments performed on 11 pairs of animals or number of drug injection experiments performed on 7 (for αFMH) or 9 (for ciproxifan) pairs of animals.
↵* ,
↵F1-160 ,
↵F1-165 ,
↵F1-168 p < 0.05, 0.01, 0.001, 0.0001, compared with values of HDC+/+ mice;
↵F1-241 ,
↵F1-242 p < 0.001, 0.0001 compared with values of saline injections in the same animals, two-tailed t test after significance in two-way ANOVA for repeated measures.