Phenotype | ChAT-IR (BF) | ADA-IR (TMN) | DBH-IR (LC) | HCRT-IR (LH) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Group | Cell no. | % Lesion | Cell no. | % Lesion | Cell no. | % Lesion | Cell no. |
Saline (n = 6) | 4084.8 (85.9) | 0 | 707.8 (62.6) | 0 | 462.3 (21.6) | 0 | 1070.2 (35.1) |
BF+TMN+LC (n = 6) | 443.5*** (95.2) | 89.2 (2.3) | 174.3*** (30.0) | 75.4 (4.2) | 31.2*** (9.3) | 93.3 (2.0) | 988.3 (115.3) |
BF+LC (n = 7) | 159.9*** (29.6) | 96.1 (0.7) | 355.9*** (21.5) | 49.7* (3.0) | 26.1*** (5.8) | 94.3 (1.2) | 1020.3 (90.2) |
TMN+LC (n = 4) | 2589.3*** (359.0) | 36.6** (8.8) | 175.8*** (30.6) | 75.2 (4.3) | 16.5*** (6.1) | 96.4 (1.3) | 1104.8 (115.4) |
In each rat, identified neurons in a specific number of tissue sections corresponding to each arousal population (for details, see Materials and Methods) were counted. The cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain were lesioned with 192-IgG-saporin and identified with ChAT, the acetylcholine-synthesizing enzyme. To lesion hypocretin receptor-bearing neurons that are present on the histamine neurons in the TMN, hypocretin-2-saporin was administered locally. In the TMN, an antibody against ADA identified the histamine neurons. The LC noradrenergic neurons were lesioned with anti-DBH-saporin.
*p < 0.05 versus BF+TMN+LC or TMN+LC; **p < 0.01 versus BF+TMN+LC or BF+LC; ***p < 0.0001 versus saline. A one-way ANOVA was used to test the means in each column followed by post hoc tests.