Table 1.

Demographic information and background neuropsychological tests

Test	Patients						Healthy subjects^g
Test	NY	PG	KH	BB	LS	KA	Mean	SD
Sex	M	M	M	F	M	M
Age	65	61	74	57	73	56
Education [left school at age (years)]	15	18	14	16	15	14
Semantic^a
Picture naming (n = 64)	51	44	29	9	5	0	62.3	1.6
Spoken word–picture matching (n = 64)	60	58	54	54	37	26	63.7	0.5
Camel and Cactus Test
Pictures (n = 64)	36	44	46	38	15	46	59.0	3.1
Words (n = 64)	39	40	41	30	16	36	60.7	2.1
Category fluency (8 categories)	27	7	21	13	13	NT	113.9	12.3
Attention/executive
Digit span^b
Forwards	3	6	4	5	4	0	6.8	0.9
Backwards	2	2	2	0	1	NT	4.7	1.2
Colored progressive matrices^c (n = 36)	26	23	12	24	16	12	>15
Wisconsin card-sorting task^d (n = 6)	2	0	0	1	0	1	>1
Brixton spatial rule attainment^e (n = 54)	34	26	7	23	14	6	>28
Visuospatial^f
Incomplete letters (n = 20)	17	18	19	0	0	NT	19.2	0.8
Dot counting (n = 10)	10	5	10	10	6	NT	9.9	0.3
Position discrimination (n = 20)	20	20	18	18	16	14	19.8	0.6
Cube analysis (n = 10)	5	10	3	2	4	NT	9.7	2.5

NT, Not tested; M, male; F, female.
↵^aFrom the Cambridge Semantic Memory battery (Adlam et al., 2010).
↵^b Wechsler (1987).
↵^c Raven (1962).
↵^d Milner (1964).
↵^e Burgess and Shallice (1997).
↵^f From the Visual Object and Space Perception battery (Warrington and James, 1991).
↵^gData for healthy older adults are taken from published test norms and, for the semantic tests, from Bozeat et al. (2000) and Adlam et al. (2010).