Table 2.

Independent t test of group differences in volume and CSF biomarker levels

	NC − MCI (df = 278)			NC − AD (df = 193)
	t	Cohen's D	p <	t	Cohen's D	p <
CSF biomarkers
t-tau	−6.10	−0.98	10⁻⁸	−7.67	−1.59	10⁻¹¹
p-tau	−5.41	−0.92	10⁻⁶	−6.69	−1.37	10⁻⁹
Aβ₄₂	6.05	1.05	10⁻⁸	8.84	1.78	10⁻¹⁵
t-tau/Aβ₄₂	−6.84	−1.09	10⁻¹⁰	−9.25	−1.92	10⁻¹⁵
p-tau/Aβ₄₂	−6.20	−1.04	10⁻⁸	−7.53	−1.55	10⁻¹¹
Subcortical ROIs
Accumbens	2.65	0.47	0.01	3.59	0.73	0.001
Amygdala	6.76	1.20	10⁻¹¹	10.15	2.06	10⁻¹⁸
Caudate	1.07	0.19	NS	1.72	0.35	NS
Cerebellum cortex	0.39	0.07	NS	1.98	0.40	NS
Cerebellum white matter	−0.27	−0.05	NS	−0.62	−0.11	NS
Cerebral white matter	2.37	0.41	0.05	4.54	0.92	10⁻⁴
Hippocampus	10.48	1.76	10⁻²⁰	12.50	2.57	10⁻²⁴
Pallidum	−1.21	−0.22	NS	0.85	0.17	NS
Putamen	1.11	0.25	NS	2.52	0.51	0.05
Thalamus	2.28	0.42	0.05	4.23	0.86	10⁻⁴
Ventricular ROIs
Lateral ventricles	−3.20	−0.57	0.005	−5.21	−1.05	10⁻⁶
Inferior lateral ventricles	−5.69	−0.94	10⁻⁷	−9.03	−1.88	10⁻¹⁴
3rd ventricle	−0.95	−0.16	NS	−3.13	−0.64	0.01
4th ventricle	1.26	0.22	NS	0.79	0.16	NS
Cortical ROIs
Cuneus	2.38	0.42	0.05	2.15	0.43	0.05
Entorhinal	7.71	1.30	10⁻¹²	12.17	2.50	10⁻²³
Fusiform	6.03	1.07	10⁻⁸	8.14	1.68	10⁻¹²
Lingual	2.22	0.39	0.05	3.44	0.69	0.001
Inferior parietal	4.74	0.80	10⁻⁵	8.58	1.76	10⁻¹⁴
Inferior temporal	6.02	1.08	10⁻⁸	10.38	2.14	10⁻¹⁸
Retrosplenial	4.69	0.81	10⁻⁵	8.09	1.66	10⁻¹²
Lateral orbitofrontal	3.74	0.66	0.001	5.85	1.18	10⁻⁷
Medial orbitofrontal	4.35	0.77	10⁻⁴	5.70	1.17	10⁻⁷
Middle temporal	5.95	1.07	10⁻⁸	9.97	2.05	10⁻¹⁷
Parahippocampal	4.57	0.81	10⁻⁵	7.02	1.42	10⁻¹⁰
Precentral	1.79	0.31	NS	3.75	0.76	0.001
Precuneus	4.63	0.83	10⁻⁵	6.10	1.25	10⁻⁸
Superior frontal	3.94	0.69	0.001	6.43	1.30	10⁻⁸
Supramarginal	3.76	0.67	0.001	6.59	1.33	10⁻⁹

Sex, age, and ICV were regressed out from the volume data before they were entered into the analyses, whereas sex and age were regressed out from the cortical data.