Medications that reduce sleepiness and cataplexy in narcolepsy
| Human | Dog | Mouse | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Antidepressants (e.g. venlafaxine, clomipramine) | ↓Cataplexy | ↓Cataplexy | ↓Cataplexy |
| Stimulants (e.g. methylphenidate, modafinil) | ↓Sleepiness | ↓Sleepiness | ↓Sleepiness |
| Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (e.g. sodium oxybate) | ↓Sleepiness | ND | ND |
| ↓Cataplexy | |||
| Histamine H3 receptor inverse agonist (e.g. tiprolisant) | ↓Sleepiness | ND | ↓Sleepiness |
| ↓Cataplexy | |||
| Orexin-A* | ND | ↓Sleepiness | ↓Sleepiness |
| ↓Cataplexy | ↓Cataplexy |
ND, Not determined.
↵*Given intracerebroventricularly or intravenously. Downward-pointing arrows indicate that the symptoms were reduced (Babcock et al., 1976; Schachter and Parkes, 1980; Shelton et al., 1995; Scammell and Matheson, 1998; Fujiki et al., 2003; Willie et al., 2003, 2005; Mieda et al., 2004; Lin et al., 2008; Golicki et al., 2010; Lammers et al., 2010).