P1 | |
Handedness | Left |
Age at surgery | 33 years |
Seizure risk factors | Reye's syndrome with convulsions as a child |
Family history of seizures | (+) Maternal grandfather |
Age of seizure onset | 25 years |
Seizure semiology | Automotor seizures; generalized tonic-clonic |
Working diagnosis | Nonlesional left temporal lobe epilepsy |
EEG | Left temporal interictal discharges |
MRI brain | Normal |
Current medications | Lamotrigine, oxcarbazine, Vimpat, clorazepate |
P2 | |
Handedness | Left |
Age at surgery | 47 years |
Seizure risk factors | Head injury at age 3 with loss of consciousness, viral encephalopathy age 45 years |
Family history of seizures | None |
Age of seizure onset | 45 years |
Seizure semiology | Psychic aura, gustatory aura, complex partial seizure |
Working diagnosis | Nonlesional left temporal lobe epilepsy |
EEG | Bitemporal ictal discharges; interictal left temporal sharp waves |
MRI brain | Normal |
Current medications | Valproic acid, lamotrigine, phenytoin |
P3 | |
Handedness | Right |
Age at surgery | 29 years |
Seizure risk factors | None |
Family history of seizures | None |
Age of seizure onset | 22 years |
Seizure semiology | Generalized tonic-clonic seizures, dialeptic seizures, tonic seizures |
Working diagnosis | Nonlesional left temporal lobe epilepsy |
EEG | Left temporal spikes |
MRI brain | Normal |
Current medications | Topiramate, oxcarbazine, levetiracetam, lacosamide |
P4 | |
Handedness | Right |
Age at surgery | 49 years |
Seizure risk factors | Hodgkin's lymphoma age 17, splenectomy, stroke at age 48 years |
Family history of seizures | (+) Niece |
Age of seizure onset | 23 years |
Seizure semiology | Generalized tonic–clonic seizures, automotor seizures, postictal aphasia |
Working diagnosis | Lesional left temporal lobe epilepsy |
EEG | Left temporal sharp waves |
MRI brain | Chronic stroke/encephalomalacia in left putamen, insula, parietal cortex |
Current medications | Carbamazepine, lamotrigine, levetiracetam |
P5 | |
Handedness | Right |
Age at surgery | 48 years |
Seizure risk factors | Head trauma with loss of consciousness as a child |
Family history of seizures | None |
Age of seizure onset | 37 years |
Seizure semiology | Complex partial seizure |
Working diagnosis | Nonlesional right temporal lobe epilepsy |
EEG | Right temporal sharp waves |
MRI brain | Few small T2 hyper-intense foci in frontal subcortical white matter |
Current medications | Levetiracetam, lamotrigine, oxcarbazine, clonazepam |
P6 | |
Handedness | Right |
Age at surgery | 57 years |
Seizure risk factors | None |
Family history of seizures | None |
Age of seizure onset | 12 years |
Seizure semiology | Complex partial seizures with secondary generalization; ictal aphasia |
Working diagnosis | Left temporal lobe epilepsy |
EEG | Left posterior temporal sharp waves and seizures |
MRI brain | Subtle right hippocampal volume loss |
Current medications | Valproic acid, primidone, Vimpat |
P7 | |
Handedness | Right |
Age at surgery | 34 years |
Seizure risk factors | None |
Family history of seizures | None |
Age of seizure onset | 24 years |
Seizure semiology | Generalized convulsions; complex partial seizures; automotor seizures; aphasia |
Working diagnosis | Left temporal lobe epilepsy |
EEG | Left temporal slowing and seizures |
MRI brain | Normal |
Current medications | Lamotrigine, phenobarbital, Vimpat |
P8 | |
Handedness | Right |
Age at surgery | 59 years |
Seizure risk factors | None |
Family history of seizures | None |
Age of seizure onset | 12 years |
Seizure semiology | Psychic aura; automotor seizures; generalized tonic-clonic epilepsy |
Working diagnosis | Temporal lope epilepsy |
EEG | Left posterior temporal-parietal sharp waves |
MRI brain | Subtle volume loss in right hippocampus |
Current medications | Valproic acid, primidone, Topamax |