Table 1.

Physiological and self-report measuresa

Placebo (P)Bromocriptine (B)Guanfacine (G)t test p value, Time 3 − Time 1
Time 1Time 3Time 1Time 3Time 1Time 3B-PG-P
Heart rate66.3 (10.7)66.0 (11.5)69.7 (13.0)69.2 (11.5)70.2 (13.6)68.4 (9.6)n.s.n.s.
Blood pressure, systolic119.0 (11.6)122.1 (11.2)119.0 (11.6)117.3 (10.8)118.7 (11.5)118.2 (11.1)n.s.n.s.
Blood pressure, diastolic68.9 (7.2)71.3 (10.2)66.7 (8.1)68.1 (9.8)68.6 (9.6)68.8 (9.0)n.s.n.s.
VAS, anxious1.4 (1.7)1.3 (1.7)1.4 (1.4)1.1 (1.2)1.5 (1.4)0.8 (1.1)n.s.n.s.
VAS, happy6.3 (1.4)6.2 (1.7)6.2 (1.5)6.1 (1.8)6.3 (1.3)6.4 (1.4)n.s.n.s.
VAS, sad0.9 (1.0)0.7 (1.0)1.1 (1.2)0.9 (1.1)1.0 (1.3)0.8 (1.2)n.s.n.s.
VAS, nauseous1.1 (1.3)0.7 (0.6)0.9 (1.0)1.0 (1.1)0.9 (1.1)0.9 (1.2)n.s.n.s.
VAS, drowsy2.1 (1.8)2.0 (1.9)1.9 (1.8)2.3 (2.1)2.3 (2.0)2.5 (2.4)n.s.n.s.
VAS, jittery0.7 (0.8)1.0 (1.3)1.1 (1.4)1.1 (1.2)1.0 (1.2)0.8 (1.3)n.s.n.s.
VAS, fatigued2.5 (2.0)2.5 (2.0)1.9 (1.5)2.8 (2.3)2.3 (1.8)2.6 (2.5)n.s.n.s.
VAS, dizzy0.7 (0.8)1.1 (1.4)0.6 (0.8)1.3 (1.6)0.7 (1.0)0.8 (1.4)n.s.n.s.
State anxiety28.9 (7.7)28.3 (5.8)29.9 (6.0)29.0 (7.1)28.4 (5.3)27.8 (5.4)n.s.n.s.
  • aComparison of the change in physiological (heart rate and blood pressure) or self-report (anxiety, mood, nausea, dizziness, and fatigue) measures collected in Experiment 2, after ingesting drug (guanfacine or bromocriptine) versus placebo. No measure showed a significant drug effect. Values represent mean (SD). Time 1 is before drug intake; Time 3 is after drug intake, preceding behavioral testing. VAS, Visual analog scale. State anxiety was measured using the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). n.s., Not significant (p > 0.05, paired two-tailed t test, FDR-corrected for multiple comparisons).