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Gene Cloning, RNA Distribution, and Functional Expression of mCX3CR1,a Mouse Chemotactic Receptor for the CX3C Chemokine Fractalkine,☆☆

https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1998.9849Get rights and content

Abstract

Human fractalkine and its apparent murine counterpart neurotactin are the only members identified so far of the CX3C subfamily of chemokines. Recently, a human fractalkine receptor was identified and named CX3CR1. Here we have identified a mouse counterpart of this receptor. The receptor was identified by analysis of a mouse genomic clone named PC2 isolated by homology hybridization using CX3CR1 as probe. Clone PC2 has a 354-codon open reading frame that has 83% amino acid identity to CX3CR1. PC2 RNA was abundant in brain and lung and comparatively less abundant in lung, liver, kidney, testis, and peripheral blood leukocytes, a pattern similar to that found for CX3CR1. The recombinant fractalkine, but no other chemokines tested, induced chemotaxis and transient increases in [Ca2+]iin HEK 293 cells transfected with PC2, whereas untransfected cells did not respond. Furthermore, fractalkine bound specifically to the transfected cells (Kd= 4 nM). Thus, fractalkine is a functional ligand for this receptor and we propose to name it mCX3CR1 for murine CX3C chemokine receptor 1.

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The sequence of mCX3CR1 has been deposited in GenBank (Accession No. AF074912).

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Abbreviations used: MIP, macrophage inflammatory protein; RANTES, regulated on activation, normal T expressed and secreted; MCP, monocyte chemoattractant protein; CX3CR1, CX3C chemokine receptor 1

2

To whom correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed at Building 10, Room 11N113, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. Fax: 301-402-4369. E-mail:[email protected].

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