Research reportBrainstem and spinal pathways mediating descending inhibition from the medullary lateral reticular nucleus in the rat
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Coregulation of sleep-pain physiological interplay by orexin system: An unprecedented review
2020, Behavioural Brain ResearchCitation Excerpt :LC is extensively innervated by hypothalamic orexinergic inputs [60] which are known to exert a potent excitatory effect on their target cells [60,61,67] and subsequently increase noradrenaline release in brain areas receiving LC afferents [68,69]. It should be noted that excitation of LC neurons can induce analgesia most probably through affecting α-adrenoceptors in spinal cord [70–72]. Consistently, LC-lesioned animals display increased pain sensitivity due to the lack of normal noradrenergic transmission [73–75].
Noradrenergic Locus Coeruleus pathways in pain modulation
2016, NeuroscienceThe inhibitory effect of granisetron on ventrolateral medulla neuron responses to colorectal distension in rats
2015, European Journal of PharmacologyCitation Excerpt :The present study is the first one to demonstrate the long-lasting dose-dependent inhibitory effects of granisetron on VLM neuron evoked activity and depressor reactions to noxious CRD as well as the changes in these over time. As the VLM receives nociceptive inputs from gut via ascending afferent fibers of the spinothalamic tract and is implicated in the descending modulation of nociceptive inputs via direct projections to the spinal dorsal horns (Gebhart and Ossipov, 1986; Janss and Gebhart, 1988; Tavares and Lima, 2007; Heinricher et al., 2009). It is obvious that the granisetron-induced decrease in the VLM-evoked activity is related to 5-HT3 receptor blockade either within the spinal cord or immediately within the brainstem.
Exploration of supraspinal mechanisms in effects of spinal cord stimulation: Role of the locus coeruleus
2013, NeuroscienceCitation Excerpt :Recently published data show that SCS can selectively activate antinociceptive OFF-cells and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) cells in the RVM, and that the SCS effect can be partially attenuated by microinjection of a GABAA receptor agonist into the RVM (Song et al., 2013) and totally abolished by antagonizing some of the spinal 5-HT receptors (Song et al., 2011b). In parallel with the descending pain modulatory system originating in the RVM, spinally projecting noradrenergic pathways have been found to exert pain-controlling functions (Jones and Gebhart, 1986; Janss and Gebhart, 1988; Proudfit and Clark, 1991). These pathways originate in the pontine A5, A6 (locus coeruleus (LC) and A7 (subcoeruleus) cell groups, which are the only sources of noradrenergic innervation of the spinal dorsal horn (Millan, 2002; Pertovaara, 2006).
Reversal of inflammatory pain by HSV-1-mediated overexpression of enkephalin in the caudal ventrolateral medulla
2011, European Journal of PainDescending control of nociception: Specificity, recruitment and plasticity
2009, Brain Research Reviews