Evidence for a distinct nigropallidal dopaminergic projection in the squirrel monkey
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Decreased pallidal vesicular monoamine transporter type 2 availability in Parkinson's disease: The contribution of the nigropallidal pathway
2019, Neurobiology of DiseaseCitation Excerpt :In non-human primate studies, dopaminergic innervation in pallidal segments was observed after injection of biotinylated dextran amine in the dopaminergic area of the midbrain (Jan et al., 2000). The injections of the retrograde fluorescent tracer fast blue in the striatum and nuclear yellow in the GPi in the squirrel monkey revealed a nigropallidal projection whose cellular origin was largely distinct from that of the nigrostriatal pathway (Smith et al., 1989). However, other anatomical studies have also reported evidence of nigrostriatal axons providing collaterals that arborize in the pallidum (Cossette et al., 1999).
Use of the rat as a model in regenerative medicine
2019, The Laboratory RatSubthalamotomy-induced changes in dopamine receptors in parkinsonian monkeys
2014, Experimental NeurologyCitation Excerpt :It is also worth noting the similar pattern of changes between the D1 receptor binding and D1 mRNA levels in the putamen. Both compartments of the globus pallidus are innervated by dopaminergic cells of the SNc (Lavoie et al., 1989) and arise from a distinct population that projects to the striatum (Smith et al., 1989). In the present study, D1 receptor levels were probably too low to be detected in the GPe by autoradiography, despite the presence of D1 receptor mRNA measured in this structure.
Dopamine regulation of human speech and bird song: A critical review
2012, Brain and LanguageCitation Excerpt :Within the descending vocal motor pathway, the laryngeal motor cortex (LMC) sends the strongest of all basal ganglia projections to the putamen, as determined using neuroanatomical tract tracing in non-human primates and diffusion tensor tractography in humans (Jurgens, 1976; Simonyan & Jurgens, 2003; Simonyan, Ostuni, Ludlow, & Horwitz, 2009) (Figs. 2A and 3B and E). Cytoarchtectonically, the LMC is located in the ventral primary motor cortex in humans (area 4 of Brodmann (1909) or area 4p of Geyer et al. (1996)) (Simonyan & Horwitz, 2011) and in the ventral premotor cortex in non-human primates (area 6 of Brodmann (1909) or area 6bα of Vogt and Vogt (1919), area FCBm of von Bonin and Bailey (1947), area F5 of Matelli, Luppino, and Rizzolatti (1985), area 6VR(F5)/ProM of Paxinos, Huang, and Toga (2000), area F5(6Va/Vb) of Saleem and Logothetis (2007)) (Fig. 3A and D). Mapping studies have not been able to identify the laryngeal muscle representation in the primary motor cortex (area 4) in non-human primates (Coude et al., 2011; Hast, Fischer, Wetzel, & Thompson, 1974; Jurgens, 1976; Simonyan & Jurgens, 2002), whereas the location of the LMC in the premotor cortex (area 6) in humans is assumed but remains to be confirmed.
This research was supported by grant MT-5781 of the Medical Research Council (MRC) of Canada to A.P. The financial support of the FRSQ and FCAR is also acknowledge.
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Present address: MRC Anatomical Pharmacology Unit, University Department of Pharmacology, South Park Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, U.K.