Lengthening of the generation cycle during embryonic differentiation of the mouse neural tube

doi:10.1016/0014-4827(68)90191-2

Experimental Cell Research

Volume 49, Issue 2, February 1968, Pages 420-424

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Abstract

A comparative autoradiographic study of the generation cycle in the 10-and 11-day embryonic mouse neural tube showed an increase in mean generation time of 2 h over the period studied. This was caused by an increase in the time spent in DNA synthesis (S), post-synthetic (G2) and pre-synthetic interphase (G1) with no alteration in mitotic time.

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Citation Excerpt :
Investigators have estimated the duration of the total cell cycle and its components using a variety of techniques. In general, estimates of total cell cycle duration (TC) have ranged from 5 to 18 h in mice, rats and birds (Alexiades and Cepko, 1996; Fujita, 1962; Kaufman, 1968; Martin and Langman, 1965; Polleux et al., 1997; Takahashi et al., 1993, 1995; Waechter and Jaensch, 1972; Wilson, 1973). Estimates of TC of the same region of the same species support the conclusion that there is a general lengthening of the cell cycle with increasing developmental age.
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It is widely accepted that the growth and regeneration of tissues and organs is tightly controlled. Although experimental studies are beginning to reveal molecular mechanisms underlying such control, there is still very little known about the control strategies themselves. Here, we consider how secreted negative feedback factors (“chalones”) may be used to control the output of multistage cell lineages, as exemplified by the actions of GDF11 and activin in a self-renewing neural tissue, the mammalian olfactory epithelium (OE). We begin by specifying performance objectives—what, precisely, is being controlled, and to what degree—and go on to calculate how well different types of feedback configurations, feedback sensitivities, and tissue architectures achieve control. Ultimately, we show that many features of the OE—the number of feedback loops, the cellular processes targeted by feedback, even the location of progenitor cells within the tissue—fit with expectations for the best possible control. In so doing, we also show that certain distinctions that are commonly drawn among cells and molecules—such as whether a cell is a stem cell or transit-amplifying cell, or whether a molecule is a growth inhibitor or stimulator—may be the consequences of control, and not a reflection of intrinsic differences in cellular or molecular character.
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Lengthening of the generation cycle during embryonic differentiation of the mouse neural tube☆

Abstract

Advances in Morphogenesis

Exptl Cell Res

Dev. Biol

Exptl Cell Res

Exptl Cell Res

Exptl Cell Res

J. Cell Biol