FGF5 as a regulator of the hair growth cycle: Evidence from targeted and spontaneous mutations

doi:10.1016/0092-8674(94)90276-3

Cell

Volume 78, Issue 6, 23 September 1994, Pages 1017-1025

https://doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(94)90276-3 Get rights and content

Abstract

Fibroblast growth factor 5 (FGF5) is a secreted signaling protein. Mice homozygous for a predicted null allele of the Fgf5 gene, fgf5^neo, produced by gene targeting in embryonic stem cells, have abnormally long hair. This phenotype appears identical to that of mice homozygous for the spontaneous mutation angora (go). The fgf5^neo and go mutations fail to complement one another, and exon 1 of Fgf5 is deleted in DNA from go homozygotes, demonstrating that go is a mutant allele of Fgf5. Expression of Fgf5 is detected in hair follicles from wild-type mice and is localized to the outer root sheath during the anagen VI phase of the hair growth cycle. These findings provide evidence that FGF5 functions as an inhibitor of hair elongation, thus identifying a molecule whose normal function is apparently to regulate one step in the progression of the follicle through the hair growth cycle.

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FGF5 functions as a negative regulator of the hair cycle in mammals. It is expressed in the outer root sheath of hair follicles during the late anagen phase of the hair cycle. It functions as a signaling molecule, mediating the transition of the anagen growth phase to catagen regression phase of the hair cycle. Spontaneous and engineered FGF5 mutations in mammalian animal models result in long hair phenotypes. In humans, inherited FGF5 mutations result in trichomegaly (long eyelashes). Knockdown of fgf5 in zebrafish embryos results in inner ear alterations. Alterations in FGF5 expression are also associated with various human pathologies.
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^★: Present address: Institute for Molecular Biology I, University of Zurich, Hoenggerberg, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.

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Cell

ArticleFGF5 as a regulator of the hair growth cycle: Evidence from targeted and spontaneous mutations

Abstract

J. Biol. Chem.

Cell

Dev. Biol.

J. Invest. Dermatol.

Dev. Biol.

Dev. Biol.

Neuron

Gene

Cell

Cell

Cell

Cell

Dev. Biol.

Cell

Cell

Cell

Cell

Biosynthesis of human fibroblast growth factor-5

Mol. Cell. Biol.

Transgenic mice as a model to study the role of TGF-β-related molecules in hair follicles

Genes Dev.

Production and analysis of chimaeric mice

Genetics of the Dog: The Basis of Successful Breeding

Altering the genome by homologous recombination

Science

Genomic sequencing

Growth factor control of skeletal muscle differentiation: commitment to terminal differentiation occurs in G1 phase and is repressed by fibroblast growth factor

J. Cell Biol.

Some factors influencing the growth potential of the skin in the domestic rabbit

J. Exp. Zool.

Expression of the Fgf6 gene is restricted to developing skeletal muscle in the mouse embryo

Development

New mutations. I. Angora

Mouse News Lett.

The in vitro development of blastocyst-derived embryonic stem cell lines: formation of visceral yolk sac, blood islands and myocardium

J. Embryol. Exp. Morph.

A note on the growth of the rex and angora coats

J. Genet.

The fibroblast growth factor family

Cell Growth Differ.

Distribution of basic fibroblast growth factor in the 18-day rat fetus: localization in the basement membranes of diverse tissues

J. Cell Biol.

Article
FGF5 as a regulator of the hair growth cycle: Evidence from targeted and spontaneous mutations