Update articleStudies of the respiratory center using isolated brainstem-spinal cord preparations
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Cited by (48)
Orexin induces excitation of respiratory neuronal network in isolated brainstem spinal cord of neonatal rat
2014, Respiratory Physiology and NeurobiologyCitation Excerpt :Our finding that orexin induces increases in respiratory frequency without affecting C4 amplitude is in disagreement with in vivo results from the above studies, which indicated that microinjection of orexin into the ventrolateral medulla increases the tidal volume without affecting respiratory frequency (Young et al., 2005; Liu et al., 2010). In general, pharmaceutical ablation of vagal afferent inputs in isolated brainstem–spinal cord preparations of newborn rats (Onimaru, 1995) induces changes in respiratory frequency, not amplitude. Respiratory stimulation, in contrast, increases only the amplitude of inspiratory activity without vagal feedback in vivo (Eugenin et al., 2001).
Isolated in vitro brainstem-spinal cord preparations remain important tools in respiratory neurobiology
2012, Respiratory Physiology and NeurobiologyCitation Excerpt :The pFRG wraps caudally and ventrally around the facial nucleus in the medulla and appears to overlap with RTN and the Bötzinger Complex, but its borders are relatively ill defined (Feldman and Del Negro, 2006). The pFRG is proposed to be the primary source of the respiratory rhythm (Onimaru et al., 1987; Onimaru, 1995; Onimaru and Homma, 2006) because pFRG neurons fire prior to preBötC neurons as revealed in elegant imaging studies on brainstem–spinal cord preparations bathed in voltage-sensitive dyes (Onimaru and Homma, 2003). Using brainstem–spinal cord preparations was critical in identifying the importance of the pFRG/RTN and preBötC, but also in elucidating connectivity between these two regions (Mellen et al., 2003), which has led to a “dual oscillator” model of respiratory rhythm generation (Feldman and Del Negro, 2006; Janczewski and Feldman, 2006).
Pbx3 deficiency results in central hypoventilation
2004, American Journal of PathologyCitation Excerpt :This reduced amplitude likely produces insufficient pressure changes by ventilatory movement in some respiratory cycles leading to a significant decrease of minute respiratory volume in Pbx3−/− mice. To investigate whether the altered inspiratory pattern of Pbx3−/− mice may result from abnormal function of respiratory centers in the medulla, we assessed the membrane potentials of inspiratory neurons in this region.19,24,25 The membrane potential trajectory of inspiratory neurons (n = 6) in Pbx3−/− mice correlated with the pattern of C4 motoneuronal outputs (Figure 3D).