Muscarine affects calcium-currents in rat hippocampal pyramidal cells in vitro
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Regulation of neural ion channels by muscarinic receptors
2018, NeuropharmacologyCitation Excerpt :Within the mammalian central nervous system, M2Rs are clearly responsible for the Pertussis toxin-sensitive muscarinic inhibition of the two high voltage activated CaV2.1 and CaV2.2 currents (Allen et al., 1993) in cholinergic basal forebrain neurons (Allen and Brown, 1993b). M2Rs (Toselli and Taglietti, 1995) are also likely to mediate the Pertussis toxin-sensitive muscarinic inhibition of high voltage-activated Ca2+-currents in hippocampal pyramidal neurons previously reported by Gahwiler and Brown (1987) and Toselli and Lux (1989). On the other hand, M4Rs are more likely to be responsible for the fast cholinergic inhibition of CaV2.2 and 2.1 (N- and P-type) currents in principal neurons (Howe and Surmeier, 1995) and cholinergic interneurons (Yan and Surmeier, 1996) in the striatum.
Atropine-sensitive hippocampal theta oscillations are mediated by Ca<inf>v</inf>2.3 R-type Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels
2012, NeuroscienceCitation Excerpt :Although muscarinic stimulation is known to suppress K+ currents, for example, IM, thus mediating enhanced neuronal excitability (Brown and Adams, 1980; Halliwell and Adams, 1982), in vitro studies by Tai et al. (2006) showed that the enhancement of R-type Ca2+ current is not related to K+ channel depression and hippocampal K+ conductance was not affected by M1 receptor activation (Fisahn et al., 2002). In contrast to the muscarinic depression of other HVA VGCCs, that is, L-type, N-type, and P-/Q-type (Gahwiler and Brown, 1987; Shapiro et al., 1999, 2001; Stewart et al., 1999), Cav2.3 R-type currents are enhanced (Meza et al., 1999) and can result in stimulation-dependent repetitive R-type Ca2+ spiking in vitro, displaying a regular theta rhythm of 6–9 Hz because of dendritic resonance phenomena. Although this effect of Cav2.3 Ca2+ channels in genesis of theta oscillations was blocked by Ni2+, a Cav2.3 R-type and Cav3 T-type VGCC blocker, it could not be mimicked by application of K+ channel blockers, for example, 4-aminopyridine or linopirdine (Gillies et al., 2002; Isomura et al., 2002; Tai et al., 2006).
The Ca<inf>v</inf>2.3 voltage-gated calcium channel in epileptogenesis-Shedding new light on an enigmatic channel
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