Neuronal hypertrophy in the human supraoptic and paraventricular nucleus in aging and Alzheimer's disease
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Neuropeptides of the human magnocellular hypothalamus
2021, Journal of Chemical NeuroanatomyCitation Excerpt :Total cell number in the SON, PVN and SCN do not show any correlation with brain weight, indicating that age-related changes in the hypothalamus do not depend on changes in mass in elderly subjects (Goudsmit et al., 1990). The absence of cell loss during aging and AD in the human SON and PVN was confirmed in many other studies (Goudsmit et al., 1990; Hofman et al., 1988, 1990; Van der Woude et al., 1995; Vogels et al., 1990; Wierda et al., 1991). Hofman et al. (1990) found a striking increase of SON cell number during aging: an increase in SON cell number around 30 % was found in subjects between 40 and 65 years of age, and a further increase was observed after the age of 65 years.
Spexin-expressing neurons in the magnocellular nuclei of the human hypothalamus
2021, Journal of Chemical NeuroanatomyCitation Excerpt :Most positive cells were bipolar with short and simple branching dendritic processes (Armstrong, 1995). Of note, the size of SON/PVN neurons may enlarge with normal aging (Vogel et al. 1990). The majority of smaller, elongated and ovoidal type I and IV somata were characterized by lower intensity of SPX-immunoexpression.
Rauwolfia vomitoria inhibits olfaction and modifies olfactory bulb cells
2016, Brain Research BulletinCitation Excerpt :The results of the histomorphology of the present study showed hypertrophy of the mitral cells and hyperplasia of cells in the glomerular, external granular, external plexiform and the internal granular in the 200 mg/kg RV extract group. Hypertrophy and hyperplasia are adaptive changes in tissues to cope with trauma (Porth, 2011), however, neuronal hypertrophy and hyperplasia may indicate a pathological process (Vogels et al., 1990; Neal et al., 1991; Everall et al., 1993), which may not necessarily be disease related (Sie and Rubel, 1992). Hyperplasia in this study may indicate neurogenesis and/or gliosis.
Suicidal attempts and increased right amygdala volume in schizophrenia
2011, Schizophrenia ResearchCitation Excerpt :Different putative mechanisms have been proposed including chronic stress, increased vascular perfusion and metabolism, increased size or number of neurons or glia, increased connective tissue, increased intercellular fluid and increased dopaminergic transmission (Altshuler et al., 2000; Drevets et al., 2002). In particular, hypertrophy has been linked to increased neuronal size (Vogels et al., 1990). It is well known that cells enlarge if metabolic or transcriptional demands are increased (Allendoerfer and Shatz, 1994).
Neurohypophyseal peptides in aging and Alzheimer's disease
2002, Ageing Research Reviews