Responses elicited from medial superior olivary neurons by stimuli associated with binaural masking and unmasking
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Language experience-dependent advantage in pitch representation in the auditory cortex is limited to favorable signal-to-noise ratios
2017, Hearing ResearchCitation Excerpt :Our findings are broadly consistent with empirical data showing improved auditory thresholds in the S0Nπ condition relative to S0N0 (behavioral: Colburn and Durlach, 1965; Hirsh, 1948; Jeffress et al., 1952); (EEG: Fowler and Mikami, 1992; Fowler & Mikami, 1995, 1996); and (MEG, N1-P1-N2: Chait et al., 2006; Hughes et al., 2014; Sasaki et al., 2005); and subcortical frequency following response (FFR: Wilson and Krishnan, 2005). Binaural processes mediating BRM along the auditory pathway have been described for binaural neurons in medial superior olive (Langford, 1984); inferior colliculus (Caird et al., 1991; Jiang et al., 1997; McAlpine et al., 1996; Palmer et al., 2000) and auditory cortex (Gilbert et al., 2015). These processes utilize interaural correlation information between the signal and noise to modulate signal detection in noise.
Directional hearing by linear summation of binaural inputs at the medial superior olive
2013, NeuronCitation Excerpt :Within the somatic layer, all cells were excited by both ears, whereas several previous studies found that many cells were inhibited by one ear (Barrett, 1976; Caird and Klinke, 1983; Goldberg and Brown, 1968, 1969; Hall, 1965; Moushegian et al., 1964). Even though our sample size was limited, and there may be species differences, this suggests that some of the reported heterogeneities in the properties of MSO neurons are caused by differences in response properties between MSO neurons within and outside of the somatic layer (Guinan et al., 1972; Langford, 1984; Tsuchitani, 1977). The recordings from the MSO neurons were characterized by the presence of clear subthreshold responses, even in the absence of sounds, and by the presence of low-amplitude spikes.
Sound-localization ability of the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) in a task with a simplified response map
2011, Hearing ResearchCitation Excerpt :The Mongolian gerbil is an example of a mammal with particularly poor sound-localization performance as compared to other species [e.g. 75% correct discrimination for speakers separated by 27° (Heffner and Heffner, 1988b) or 23° (Maier and Klump, 2006)]. However, the gerbil has neural sensitivity to interaural time differences (ITDs) that is generally comparable to that of several other mammals for which the slopes of discharge rate vs ITD for binaural neurons in the brainstem or midbrain have been reported (gerbil: Brand et al., 2002; Spitzer and Semple, 1998; cat: Yin and Chan, 1990; McAlpine et al., 1996, 2001; rabbit: Batra et al., 1997; Kuwada et al., 1987; Langford, 1984). Species with comparable physiological ITD curves have been demonstrated to have very different sound-localization ability; for example, the cat has a threshold of approximately 6° separation for speaker discrimination (Heffner and Heffner, 1988a), and a threshold of <1° for directing gaze to an acoustic target (Tollin et al., 2005), whereas in rabbit the threshold for speaker discrimination is about 22° (Gandy et al., 1995; Heffner, 1997), consistent with the behavioral ITD-discrimination threshold for rabbit (Ebert et al., 2008).
Sound pressure transformations by the head and pinnae of the adult Chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera)
2011, Hearing ResearchCitation Excerpt :Here we extend these studies to include the chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera). Chinchillas have been a model system for the behavior (Heffner et al., 1994, 1995, 1996), anatomy (Ruggero and Rich, 1983; Morest et al., 1997), physiology (Benson and Teas, 1976; Finlayson and Caspary, 1989, 1991; Langford, 1984; Nuding et al., 1999), and development (Pienkowski and Harrison, 2005; McFadden et al., 1998) of the auditory system, including sound localization mechanisms. Chinchillas are also common models for studying cochlear and middle ear mechanics (Songer and Rosowski, 2006; Ruggero and Temchin, 2002; Koka et al., 2010).
Inferior colliculus neuronal responses to masking-level-difference stimuli
1996, Hearing ResearchSound localization in chinchillas. I: Left/right discriminations
1994, Hearing Research