Mast cell–T cell interactions☆,☆☆
Section snippets
MAST CELLS AND T-CELL RECRUITMENT
CD4+ T lymphocytes accumulate in tissues at sites of mast cell activation, where they are believed to play a critical role in the genesis of subsequent cellular events, such as those observed in the late-phase allergic response21 or in DTH responses.16, 17 Several lines of evidence clearly document the important contribution of these T lymphocytes in chronic asthma and atopic dermatitis. Studies of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid or tissue biopsy specimens from asthmatic patients and studies with
MAST CELL–INDUCED T-CELL ACTIVATION
Mast cells secrete cytokines in response to both immunologic and nonimmunologic stimulation. These include cytokines that influence both T-cell and B-cell development and function, including IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-16, TNF-α, and certain chemokines.49 Both IL-16 and TNF-α can be released rapidly from preformed stores. With more prolonged kinetics, additional cytokines are produced from transcripts expressed in response to appropriate activation of the cell.38, 49 The
MAST CELL ACTIVATION BY T CELLS
Both T cell–derived cytokines and heterotypic adhesion involving direct contact between mast cells and T cells have been demonstrated to affect mast cell activation and mediator release. Cytokines influence mast cell degranulation by means of 2 different mechanisms. First, mediators, such as the β-chemokines MCP-1 and MIP-1α, may directly induce degranulation of mouse or rat mast cells in vitro or in vivo.4, 5, 17 Electron microscopic examination of skin injected with these 2 chemokines thus
MAST CELL EFFECT ON T-CELL POLARIZATION
In addition to being potent effector cells, recent data suggests that mast cells may have important regulatory functions in the immune system. Relevant to the allergic response, mast cells have been shown to induce IgE synthesis by B cells and to affect T-cell differentiation toward the TH2 phenotype. Human mast cells also express CD40 ligand. This ligand for CD40 on B cells is an important cell surface antigen expressed by T cells and critically involved in T-B cell interactions that lead to
Acknowledgements
We thank Dana Baram, MS, for helpful discussions and technical assistance.
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2020, European Journal of PharmacologyCitation Excerpt :Furthermore, pre-treatment with anti-CD8 mAb, but not post-treatment, strongly inhibited the development of Der f-induced dermatitis, suggesting that CD8+ cells in the early stage contributed to the development of Der f-induced skin lesions in the late stage. Additionally, mast cells are best known as effector cells for allergic diseases (Liu et al., 2011; Mekori and Metcalfe, 1999; Nakae et al., 2006). Furthermore, it has been reported that mast cells play a critical role in adoptive immunity, contributing to the process of inflammation via activating various T cells (Dudeck et al., 2011).
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Reprint requests: Yoseph A. Mekori, MD, Department of Medicine B, Meir General Hospital, 44281 Kfar-Saba, Israel.
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