Regional differences in the sleep EEG along the antero-posterior axis have been recently described. To test for state related, hemispheric differences, sleep records from homologous fronto-central, centro-parietal and parieto-occipital derivations were obtained from 14 young right-handed males. Within the frequency range of sleep spindles (11-15 Hz) power in non-REM sleep dominated in the left hemisphere in all derivations. In the centro-parietal 4-8 Hz band a right-hemispheric predominance prevailed in non-REM sleep and a left-hemispheric predominance in REM sleep. Since the frequency bands exhibiting hemispheric asymmetries are those in which large antero-posterior power gradients had been observed, the left-right differences may arise from structural and functional asymmetries of brain regions involved in the generation of the sleep EEG.