Psychologic distress and natural menopause: a multiethnic community study

Am J Public Health. 2001 Sep;91(9):1435-42. doi: 10.2105/ajph.91.9.1435.

Abstract

Objectives: This study examined the association between psychologic distress and natural menopause in a community sample of African American, White, Chinese, Hispanic, and Japanese women participating in a national women's health study.

Methods: A cohort of 16,065 women aged 40 to 55 years provided information on menstrual regularity in the previous year, psychosocial factors, health, and somatic-psychologic symptoms. Psychologic distress was defined as feeling tense, depressed, and irritable in the previous 2 weeks.

Results: Rates of psychologic distress were highest in early perimenopause (28.9%) and lowest in premenopause (20.9%) and postmenopause (22%). In comparison with premenopausal women, early perimenopausal women were at a greater risk of distress, with and without adjustment for vasomotor and sleep symptoms and covariates. Odds of distress were significantly higher for Whites than for the other racial/ethnic groups.

Conclusions: Psychologic distress is associated with irregular menses in midlife. It is important to determine whether distress is linked to alterations in hormone levels and to what extent a mood-hormone relationship may be influenced by socioeconomic and cultural factors.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Asian / psychology*
  • Attitude to Health / ethnology*
  • Black People
  • Black or African American / psychology*
  • China / ethnology
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Cultural Diversity*
  • Female
  • Hispanic or Latino / psychology*
  • Humans
  • Japan / ethnology
  • Logistic Models
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Menopause / ethnology*
  • Middle Aged
  • Minority Groups / psychology
  • Risk Factors
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Stress, Psychological / diagnosis
  • Stress, Psychological / ethnology*
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • United States / epidemiology
  • White People / psychology*
  • Women / psychology*