In addition to their ascending pathways that originate at the receptor cells, all sensory
systems are characterized by extensive descending projections. Although the size of these …

The brain displays a remarkable capacity for both widespread and region-specific modifications
in response to environmental challenges, with adaptive processes bringing about the …

Recent studies, conducted almost exclusively in primates, have shown that several cortical
areas usually associated with modality-specific sensory processing are subject to influences …

Descending projections from sensory areas of the cerebral cortex are among the largest
pathways in the brain, suggesting that they are important for subcortical processing. Although …

Despite extensive subcortical processing, the auditory cortex is believed to be essential for
normal sound localization. However, we still have a poor understanding of how auditory …

Descending corticofugal projections are thought to play a critical role in shaping the
responses of subcortical neurons. Here, we examine the origins and targets of ferret auditory …

Corticofugal projections to the auditory midbrain, the inferior colliculus (IC), influence the way
in which specific sets of IC neurons process acoustic signals. We used retrograde tracer (…

Integration of information across the senses is critical for perception and is a common property
of neurons in the cerebral cortex, where it is thought to arise primarily from corticocortical …

Neural adaptation enables sensory information to be represented optimally in the brain
despite large fluctuations over time in the statistics of the environment. Auditory contrast gain …

The dorsal nucleus of the lateral leminsucs (DLL) is the main source of inhibitory influence
in the auditory brainstem of mammals. The cytoarchitecture and connectional properties of …