The hypothalamic melanocortin system, which controls appetite and energy expenditure,
develops during the third trimester in primates. Thus, maternal nutrition and health may have a …

Skeletal muscle catabolism is a co-morbidity of many chronic diseases and is the result of
systemic inflammation. Although direct inflammatory cytokine action on muscle promotes …

A priority in cancer research is to innovate therapies that are not only effective against tumor
progression but also address comorbidities such as cachexia that limit quality and quantity …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increase in inflammatory cytokines and
can result in cachexia with loss of muscle and fat stores. We previously demonstrated the …

In response to illness, animals subvert normal homeostasis and divert their energy utilization
to fight infection. An important and unexplored feature of this response is the suppression of …

Background Cachexia is a complex metabolic and behavioural syndrome lacking effective
therapies. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most important conditions …

Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) was recently identified as an endogenous ligand of the type 4 melanocortin
receptor (MC4R), a critical regulator of appetite. However, it remains unknown if this …

Cachexia is a wasting condition defined by skeletal muscle atrophy in the setting of systemic
inflammation. To explore the site at which inflammatory mediators act to produce atrophy in …

Cancer cachexia is a syndrome of weight loss that results from the selective depletion of
skeletal muscle mass and contributes significantly to cancer morbidity and mortality. The driver …

The melanocortin-3 receptor (MC3R) gene is pleiotropic, influencing body composition,
natriuresis, immune function, and entrainment of circadian rhythms to nutrient intake. MC3Rs are …