Shown are peripheral nerve axons (cyan) in the mouse thigh. They are surrounded by myelin (red), which is made by Schwann cells to protect axons and improve communication between neurons. One population of Schwann cells (expressing PMP2, yellow) primarily myelinates large motor axons. Because amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mouse models and patients have fewer of these Schwann cells, Mikolaj Kozlowski and colleagues explored the link between PMP2 Schwann cell dysfunction and motor-selective neuropathies in mice. See the article by Kozlowski et al. for more information on how loss of PMP2 Schwann cells results in fewer large motor axons and leads to behavioral and electrophysiological defects. Cover image: Mikolaj Kozlowski and Aaron DiAntonio.