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Primary Motor and Sensory Cortex Activation during Motor Performance and Motor Imagery: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Carlo A. Porro, Maria Pia Francescato, Valentina Cettolo, Mathew E. Diamond, Patrizia Baraldi, Chiara Zuiani, Massimo Bazzocchi and Pietro E. di Prampero
Journal of Neuroscience 1 December 1996, 16 (23) 7688-7698; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.16-23-07688.1996
Carlo A. Porro
1Dipartimento di Scienze Tecnologie Biomediche e
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Maria Pia Francescato
1Dipartimento di Scienze Tecnologie Biomediche e
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Valentina Cettolo
2Scienze Mediche Morfologiche, Università di Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy, and
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Mathew E. Diamond
1Dipartimento di Scienze Tecnologie Biomediche e
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Patrizia Baraldi
3Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Modena, I-41100 Modena, Italy
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Chiara Zuiani
2Scienze Mediche Morfologiche, Università di Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy, and
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Massimo Bazzocchi
2Scienze Mediche Morfologiche, Università di Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy, and
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Pietro E. di Prampero
1Dipartimento di Scienze Tecnologie Biomediche e
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This article has a correction. Please see:

  • Erratum for Porro et al., Primary Motor and Sensory Cortex Activation during Motor Performance and Motor Imagery: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study - January 15, 1997

Abstract

The intensity and spatial distribution of functional activation in the left precentral and postcentral gyri during actual motor performance (MP) and mental representation [motor imagery (MI)] of self-paced finger-to-thumb opposition movements of the dominant hand were investigated in fourteen right-handed volunteers by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques. Significant increases in mean normalized fMRI signal intensities over values obtained during the control (visual imagery) tasks were found in a region including the anterior bank and crown of the central sulcus, the presumed site of the primary motor cortex, during both MP (mean percentage increase, 2.1%) and MI (0.8%). In the anterior portion of the precentral gyrus and the postcentral gyrus, mean functional activity levels were also increased during both conditions (MP, 1.7 and 1.2%; MI, 0.6 and 0.4%, respectively).

To locate activated foci during MI, MP, or both conditions, the time course of the signal intensities of pixels lying in the precentral or postcentral gyrus was plotted against single-step or double-step waveforms, where the steps of the waveform corresponded to different tasks. Pixels significantly (r > 0.7) activated during both MP and MI were identified in each region in the majority of subjects; percentage increases in signal intensity during MI were on average 30% as great as increases during MP. The pixels activated during both MP and MI appear to represent a large fraction of the whole population activated during MP. These results support the hypothesis that MI and MP involve overlapping neural networks in perirolandic cortical areas.

  • primary motor cortex
  • primary somatosensory cortex
  • motor performance
  • motor imagery
  • functional magnetic resonance imaging
  • brain mapping
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The Journal of Neuroscience: 16 (23)
Journal of Neuroscience
Vol. 16, Issue 23
1 Dec 1996
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Primary Motor and Sensory Cortex Activation during Motor Performance and Motor Imagery: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Carlo A. Porro, Maria Pia Francescato, Valentina Cettolo, Mathew E. Diamond, Patrizia Baraldi, Chiara Zuiani, Massimo Bazzocchi, Pietro E. di Prampero
Journal of Neuroscience 1 December 1996, 16 (23) 7688-7698; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.16-23-07688.1996

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Primary Motor and Sensory Cortex Activation during Motor Performance and Motor Imagery: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Carlo A. Porro, Maria Pia Francescato, Valentina Cettolo, Mathew E. Diamond, Patrizia Baraldi, Chiara Zuiani, Massimo Bazzocchi, Pietro E. di Prampero
Journal of Neuroscience 1 December 1996, 16 (23) 7688-7698; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.16-23-07688.1996
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Keywords

  • primary motor cortex
  • primary somatosensory cortex
  • motor performance
  • motor imagery
  • functional magnetic resonance imaging
  • brain mapping

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