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Excitotoxic Lesions of the Amygdala Fail to Produce Impairment in Visual Learning for Auditory Secondary Reinforcement But Interfere with Reinforcer Devaluation Effects in Rhesus Monkeys

Ludis̆e Málková, David Gaffan and Elisabeth A. Murray
Journal of Neuroscience 1 August 1997, 17 (15) 6011-6020; https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-15-06011.1997
Ludis̆e Málková
1Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, and
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David Gaffan
2Department of Experimental Psychology, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3UD, England, United Kingdom
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Elisabeth A. Murray
1Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, and
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  • Fig. 1.
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    Fig. 1.

    Coronal sections showing the intended lesion (middle column) and the actual extent of damage in four monkeys, A1 and A4 (left column) and A2 and A3 (right column), that received injections of ibotenic acid into the amygdala. Numerals indicate the distance in millimeters from the interaural plane.

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    Fig. 2.

    Photomicrographs of Nissl-stained coronal sections approximately +16 mm from the interaural plane. A, Section through the left amygdala in monkey A4. B, Section through the left amygdala in an intact monkey. Note virtually complete cell loss in the amygdala of the operated monkey (A), with relative preservation of the underlying entorhinal cortex.

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    Fig. 3.

    Photomicrographs of Nissl-stained coronal sections through the amygdala lesion in monkey A4. Top,middle, and bottom sections represent the left and right amygdala at approximately +18, +16, and +14 mm from the interaural plane, respectively.

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    Fig. 4.

    Within-problem learning curves on visual discrimination for auditory secondary reinforcement (Experiment 1) before (PRE-OP) and after (POST-OP) excitotoxic amygdala lesions. Average percent error is shown for the first four trials of new problems (see Table 1).

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    Fig. 5.

    Group mean difference scores, a measure of the effect on choices of objects of reinforcer devaluation (Experiment 2).CONTROL, Unoperated control monkeys (n = 3); AMYGDALA LESION, monkeys with selective, excitotoxic lesions of the amygdala (n = 4). Vertical lines represent the range of scores of individual monkeys.

Tables

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    Table 1.

    Percent damage

    SubjectAmygdalaEntorhinal cortexPerirhinal cortex
    LRMeanLRMeanLRMean
    A1925071402201
    A2549374010000
    A3100969842825614
    A4939795354000
    • Numerals indicate percent damage of left (L), right (R), and total (mean) volume for each of three structures: amygdala, entorhinal cortex, and perirhinal cortex. A1–A4 are monkeys with excitotoxic amygdala lesions.

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    Table 2.

    Percent error in learning visual discrimination problems for auditory secondary reinforcement

    Preoperative learning trialsPostoperative learning trials
    12341234
    A149.010.56.52.539.55.52.01.0
    A246.515.511.58.539.024.015.010.5
    A343.030.517.010.054.528.024.012.0
    A42-a47.237.526.219.246.040.532.525.5
    Mean46.423.515.310.144.824.518.412.3
    • Numerals indicate the mean percent error obtained on trials 1–4 for problems learned in the last 5 of 20 sessions administered before surgery (preoperative learning) and the last 5 of 20 sessions administered after surgery (postoperative learning). A1–A4 are monkeys with excitotoxic amygdala lesions.

    • ↵F2-a  Did not reach criterion. Used mean score for last 15 sessions before operation.

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    Table 3.

    Reinforcer devaluation by selective satiation

    BaselineMeanSatiationDS1DS2Difference score
    12Food-1Food-2
    F1:F2F1:F2F1:F2F1:F2F1:F2
    C123:720:1021.5:8.510:2029:1 11.57.519.0
    C223:721:9 22.0:8.06:2427:3 16.05.021.0
    C3 5:2510:207.5:22.51:2922:8 6.514.521.0
    A120:1019:1119.5:10.510:2017:139.5−2.57.0
    A212:1816:1414.0:16.011:1913:173.0−1.02.0
    A311:1912:1811.5:18.57:2315:154.53.58.0
    A420:1021:9 20.5:9.516:1424:6 4.53.58.0
    • Number of Food-1 (F1) and Food-2 (F2) objects chosen in critical sessions consisting of 30 trials. DS1 represents a difference score between the number of Food-1 objects chosen after Food-1 satiation and baseline; DS2 represents a difference score between number of Food-2 objects chosen after Food-2 satiation and baseline. Difference score is the sum of DS1 and DS2. C1–C3 are unoperated control monkeys; A1–A4 are monkeys with excitotoxic amygdala lesions.

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The Journal of Neuroscience: 17 (15)
Journal of Neuroscience
Vol. 17, Issue 15
1 Aug 1997
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Excitotoxic Lesions of the Amygdala Fail to Produce Impairment in Visual Learning for Auditory Secondary Reinforcement But Interfere with Reinforcer Devaluation Effects in Rhesus Monkeys
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Excitotoxic Lesions of the Amygdala Fail to Produce Impairment in Visual Learning for Auditory Secondary Reinforcement But Interfere with Reinforcer Devaluation Effects in Rhesus Monkeys
Ludis̆e Málková, David Gaffan, Elisabeth A. Murray
Journal of Neuroscience 1 August 1997, 17 (15) 6011-6020; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-15-06011.1997

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Excitotoxic Lesions of the Amygdala Fail to Produce Impairment in Visual Learning for Auditory Secondary Reinforcement But Interfere with Reinforcer Devaluation Effects in Rhesus Monkeys
Ludis̆e Málková, David Gaffan, Elisabeth A. Murray
Journal of Neuroscience 1 August 1997, 17 (15) 6011-6020; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-15-06011.1997
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Keywords

  • amygdala
  • ibotenic acid
  • visual discrimination
  • auditory
  • secondary reinforcement
  • reinforcer devaluation
  • rhesus monkey

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