Fig. 13.
Interespecies comparisons between macaque and human cerebral cortex. A, 3-D surface reconstructions and a flat map of the macaque monkey (case 79-0; Drury et al., 1996a). The surface is colored to delineate the different cortical lobes, and shaded regions on the flat map indicate cortex buried within various sulci (abbreviations are a subset of those listed for Figure 5 (see ), except thatAS stands for arcuate sulcus; PS, the principal sulcus; and HF, the hippocampal fissure). The extent of different lobes in the macaque is based on designations byBonin and Bailey (1947) and Felleman and Van Essen (1991). Instead of making a cut along the V1/V2 boundary, as has been done for most previous cortical flat maps of the macaque (e.g., Van Essen and Maunsell, 1980; Drury et al., 1996a), a cut was made along the horizontal meridian representation in V1 (cf. Van Essen, 1997) to correspond better to the human flat map. Scale bars in A(and C) apply to the flat maps but not the 3-D views.B, 3-D reconstruction and cortical flat map of the Visible Man, modified from Figure 3. The more darkly shaded sulci in A and B are likely to correspond to one another, because they contain cortical areas that are known or likely to be homologous (see Results).C, Cortical areas in the macaque, according to the partitioning scheme of Felleman and Van Essen (1991). Note that the macaque map includes 3 cm2 of hippocampus and other archicortical and paleocortical structures, all limbic regions that were not included in the Visible Man reconstruction. As a basis for comparing surface geometry, we used the same indices as in Figure 4 and determined that the macaque cortex has about one-fourth of the intrinsic curvature of human cortex (ICI = 14 vs 55 for Visible Man) and one-third of the folding (FI = 160 vs 510 for Visible Man). D, Visual areas and functionally specialized visual regions displayed on the right hemisphere map of the Visible Man (adapted from Fig. 12D).