Neurturin Exerts Potent Actions on Survival and Function of Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons

Brian A. Horger; Merry C. Nishimura; Mark P. Armanini; Li-Chong Wang; Kris T. Poulsen; Carl Rosenblad; Deniz Kirik; Barbara Moffat; Laura Simmons; Eugene Johnson; Jeff Milbrandt; Arnon Rosenthal; Anders Bjorklund; Richard A. Vandlen; Mary A. Hynes; Heidi S. Phillips

doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.18-13-04929.1998

Article Information

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.18-13-04929.1998

PubMed

9634558

Published By

Society for Neuroscience

History

Received December 11, 1997
Revision received April 7, 1998
Accepted April 15, 1998
First published July 1, 1998.

Version of record published July 1, 1998.

Author Information

Brian A. Horger1,
Merry C. Nishimura1,
Mark P. Armanini1,
Li-Chong Wang1,
Kris T. Poulsen1,
Carl Rosenblad6,
Deniz Kirik6,
Barbara Moffat2,
Laura Simmons3,
Eugene Johnson Jr5,
Jeff Milbrandt4,
Arnon Rosenthal1,
Anders Bjorklund6,
Richard A. Vandlen2,
Mary A. Hynes1, and
Heidi S. Phillips1

¹Departments of
²Neuroscience,
³Protein Chemistry, and
⁴Molecular Biology, Genentech, South SanFrancisco, California 94080, Departments of
⁵Pathology and
⁶Pharmacology, Washington University MedicalSchool, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, and Wallenberg Neurocentrum Institute, Lund, Sweden

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Disclosures

Received December 11, 1997.
Revision received April 7, 1998.
Accepted April 15, 1998.

This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health Grants RO1AG13729 and RO1AG13730 and by Grant 04X-3874 from the Swedish Medical Research Council. We thank Wayne Anstine for preparation of figures, Evelyn Berry for manuscript preparation, and Brigitte Devaux for helpful suggestions and coordination of resources.
B.H. and M.N. contributed equally to this manuscript.
Correspondence should be addressed to Dr. Heidi Phillips, Genentech, Inc., One DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080.

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	Abstract	Full	Pdf
Jan 1999	2	16	9
Feb 1999	2	15	10
Mar 1999	7	22	10
Dec 1999	0	10	4
Total 1999	11	63	33
Jan 2000	4	13	9
Feb 2000	2	17	13
Mar 2000	5	19	15
Apr 2000	10	13	15
May 2000	2	19	15
Jun 2000	1	14	5
Jul 2000	2	18	11
Aug 2000	2	10	13
Sep 2000	3	26	20
Oct 2000	2	17	12
Nov 2000	1	24	21
Dec 2000	2	16	15
Total 2000	36	206	164
Jan 2001	2	24	21
Feb 2001	1	14	12
Mar 2001	3	18	9
Apr 2001	1	12	8
May 2001	4	14	9
Jun 2001	2	5	5
Jul 2001	2	7	8
Aug 2001	3	17	17
Sep 2001	2	25	27
Oct 2001	1	18	13
Nov 2001	2	19	13
Dec 2001	1	14	15
Total 2001	24	187	157
Jan 2002	0	18	12
Feb 2002	2	13	11
Mar 2002	3	23	22
Apr 2002	1	11	9
May 2002	3	9	10
Jun 2002	3	11	13
Jul 2002	0	10	11
Aug 2002	3	12	15
Sep 2002	0	17	19
Oct 2002	3	10	10
Nov 2002	3	15	8
Dec 2002	0	12	18
Total 2002	21	161	158
Jan 2003	0	22	26
Feb 2003	0	16	16
Mar 2003	2	13	15
Apr 2003	2	7	12
May 2003	2	26	16
Jun 2003	2	17	20
Jul 2003	7	36	23
Aug 2003	7	25	9
Sep 2003	9	26	14
Oct 2003	15	26	14
Nov 2003	20	30	26
Dec 2003	18	24	16
Total 2003	84	268	207
Jan 2004	20	28	17
Feb 2004	14	28	44
Mar 2004	14	29	16
Apr 2004	13	27	29
May 2004	18	29	16
Jun 2004	8	25	15
Jul 2004	11	31	21
Aug 2004	27	17	2
Sep 2004	25	28	6
Oct 2004	12	51	14
Nov 2004	29	27	11
Dec 2004	33	51	12
Total 2004	224	371	203
Jan 2005	23	49	27
Feb 2005	35	34	15
Mar 2005	46	29	17
Apr 2005	23	24	29
May 2005	19	20	11
Jun 2005	12	25	14
Jul 2005	17	14	9
Aug 2005	9	31	17
Sep 2005	16	37	21
Oct 2005	7	21	9
Nov 2005	18	27	12
Dec 2005	13	44	13
Total 2005	238	355	194
Jan 2006	5	27	12
Feb 2006	7	31	10
Mar 2006	11	22	8
Apr 2006	16	11	7
May 2006	8	19	9
Jun 2006	3	10	6
Jul 2006	4	13	6
Aug 2006	5	21	13
Sep 2006	12	25	15
Oct 2006	15	50	16
Nov 2006	12	42	19
Dec 2006	6	14	19
Total 2006	104	285	140
Jan 2007	7	25	12
Feb 2007	13	41	27
Mar 2007	4	51	19
Apr 2007	10	25	20
May 2007	12	24	15
Jun 2007	7	16	9
Jul 2007	10	13	8
Aug 2007	3	17	7
Sep 2007	8	9	10
Oct 2007	8	8	6
Nov 2007	14	10	10
Dec 2007	1	9	6
Total 2007	97	248	149
Jan 2008	11	10	3
Feb 2008	6	14	21
Mar 2008	8	11	11
Apr 2008	7	6	5
May 2008	11	12	9
Jun 2008	13	22	14
Jul 2008	17	21	28
Aug 2008	2	35	12
Sep 2008	20	23	21
Oct 2008	11	11	13
Nov 2008	8	15	9
Dec 2008	8	13	6
Total 2008	122	193	152
Jan 2009	8	29	13
Feb 2009	3	21	11
Mar 2009	10	15	7
Apr 2009	8	6	7
May 2009	9	13	6
Jun 2009	3	16	19
Jul 2009	5	16	3
Aug 2009	6	15	7
Sep 2009	5	17	14
Oct 2009	12	20	9
Nov 2009	11	17	13
Dec 2009	16	14	5
Total 2009	96	199	114
Jan 2010	11	16	8
Feb 2010	4	11	2
Mar 2010	12	13	19
Apr 2010	3	14	6
May 2010	8	25	10
Jun 2010	3	25	14
Jul 2010	3	16	10
Aug 2010	2	12	6
Sep 2010	3	10	6
Oct 2010	9	20	9
Nov 2010	9	12	5
Dec 2010	8	35	10
Total 2010	75	209	105
Jan 2011	11	18	14
Feb 2011	5	18	8
Mar 2011	7	24	8
Apr 2011	6	15	6
May 2011	6	15	8
Jun 2011	13	18	10
Jul 2011	3	19	8
Aug 2011	8	18	8
Sep 2011	12	18	17
Oct 2011	17	16	4
Nov 2011	11	15	7
Dec 2011	10	20	3
Total 2011	109	214	101
Jan 2012	22	23	12
Feb 2012	21	22	8
Mar 2012	7	21	11
Apr 2012	22	34	9
May 2012	22	24	10
Jun 2012	13	17	10
Jul 2012	15	20	3
Aug 2012	18	13	4
Sep 2012	11	15	5
Oct 2012	30	18	13
Nov 2012	27	12	11
Dec 2012	23	7	14
Total 2012	231	226	110
Jan 2013	22	15	14
Feb 2013	24	17	7
Mar 2013	16	21	12
Apr 2013	11	13	11
May 2013	17	13	11
Jun 2013	18	12	5
Jul 2013	12	7	18
Aug 2013	10	9	4
Sep 2013	42	81	9
Oct 2013	11	15	7
Nov 2013	11	17	4
Dec 2013	11	11	9
Total 2013	205	231	111
Jan 2014	14	18	5
Feb 2014	13	29	9
Mar 2014	3	48	6
Apr 2014	18	32	10
May 2014	13	29	15
Jun 2014	5	23	3
Jul 2014	21	53	10
Aug 2014	12	35	6
Sep 2014	27	49	26
Oct 2014	11	30	15
Nov 2014	12	36	9
Dec 2014	5	60	2
Total 2014	154	442	116
Jan 2015	12	50	5
Feb 2015	12	32	8
Mar 2015	8	12	2
Apr 2015	9	23	6
May 2015	11	25	10
Jun 2015	17	9	9
Jul 2015	13	12	6
Aug 2015	10	15	8
Sep 2015	18	5	7
Oct 2015	4	14	5
Nov 2015	1	19	6
Dec 2015	7	13	6
Total 2015	122	229	78
Jan 2016	8	15	6
Feb 2016	5	18	9
Mar 2016	19	26	26
Apr 2016	6	14	4
May 2016	8	22	7
Jun 2016	5	14	3
Jul 2016	3	15	7
Aug 2016	15	34	13
Sep 2016	4	108	28
Oct 2016	9	49	11
Nov 2016	3	45	8
Dec 2016	1	36	9
Total 2016	86	396	131
Jan 2017	4	45	7
Feb 2017	1	40	10
Mar 2017	3	60	8
Apr 2017	4	59	7
May 2017	4	52	10
Jun 2017	0	16	2
Jul 2017	4	24	5
Aug 2017	4	48	12
Sep 2017	10	52	28
Oct 2017	3	23	18
Nov 2017	3	18	18
Dec 2017	3	22	10
Total 2017	43	459	135
Jan 2018	0	26	14
Feb 2018	8	20	18
Mar 2018	0	15	6
Apr 2018	2	21	7
May 2018	3	23	9
Jun 2018	0	17	6
Jul 2018	1	12	10
Aug 2018	0	15	3
Sep 2018	2	52	21
Oct 2018	2	25	9
Nov 2018	1	28	8
Dec 2018	3	14	6
Total 2018	22	268	117
Jan 2019	1	13	5
Feb 2019	3	14	6
Mar 2019	8	16	7
Apr 2019	2	12	11
May 2019	5	14	8
Jun 2019	3	7	2
Jul 2019	3	13	8
Aug 2019	1	23	6
Sep 2019	1	112	28
Oct 2019	7	141	12
Nov 2019	2	88	10
Dec 2019	4	76	5
Total 2019	40	529	108
Jan 2020	1	34	2
Feb 2020	2	24	9
Mar 2020	1	21	1
Apr 2020	1	10	2
May 2020	6	8	2
Jun 2020	1	2	6
Jul 2020	1	11	2
Aug 2020	3	42	28
Sep 2020	5	44	11
Total 2020	21	196	63
Total	2165	5935	2846