Glutamate Inhibits GABA Excitatory Activity in Developing Neurons

Anthony N. van den Pol; Xiao-Bing Gao; Peter R. Patrylo; Prabhat K. Ghosh; Karl Obrietan

doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.18-24-10749.1998

Article Information

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.18-24-10749.1998

PubMed

9852609

Published By

Society for Neuroscience

History

Received July 27, 1998
Revision received September 28, 1998
Accepted October 7, 1998
First published December 15, 1998.

Version of record published December 15, 1998.

Author Information

Anthony N. van den Pol1,2,
Xiao-Bing Gao1,
Peter R. Patrylo1,
Prabhat K. Ghosh1, and
Karl Obrietan2

¹Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, and
²Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305

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Author contributions

Disclosures

Received July 27, 1998.
Revision received September 28, 1998.
Accepted October 7, 1998.

This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants NS 34887, NS 31573, and the National Science Foundation. We thank Ms. Y. Yang for excellent technical help.
Correspondence should be addressed to Dr. Anthony N. van den Pol, Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University Medical School, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520.

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	Abstract	Full	Pdf
Jan 1999	73	103	85
Feb 1999	16	57	34
Mar 1999	14	42	27
Dec 1999	6	25	11
Total 1999	109	227	157
Jan 2000	5	20	12
Feb 2000	5	42	11
Mar 2000	5	48	21
Apr 2000	5	34	19
May 2000	8	37	12
Jun 2000	1	12	5
Jul 2000	2	22	15
Aug 2000	6	19	14
Sep 2000	7	20	12
Oct 2000	5	20	8
Nov 2000	3	19	12
Dec 2000	6	20	12
Total 2000	58	313	153
Jan 2001	3	27	17
Feb 2001	2	32	15
Mar 2001	2	26	12
Apr 2001	8	24	15
May 2001	2	16	14
Jun 2001	2	16	11
Jul 2001	2	14	13
Aug 2001	0	14	9
Sep 2001	2	17	12
Oct 2001	4	33	19
Nov 2001	3	24	15
Dec 2001	1	13	12
Total 2001	31	256	164
Jan 2002	1	17	11
Feb 2002	1	18	22
Mar 2002	5	20	16
Apr 2002	4	17	19
May 2002	0	9	11
Jun 2002	1	13	19
Jul 2002	3	15	24
Aug 2002	0	16	9
Sep 2002	0	15	22
Oct 2002	4	17	15
Nov 2002	2	19	26
Dec 2002	3	20	14
Total 2002	24	196	208
Jan 2003	0	22	15
Feb 2003	1	20	27
Mar 2003	2	27	29
Apr 2003	0	27	20
May 2003	3	17	14
Jun 2003	3	16	15
Jul 2003	9	32	28
Aug 2003	9	18	17
Sep 2003	9	23	20
Oct 2003	10	23	10
Nov 2003	14	25	11
Dec 2003	8	15	7
Total 2003	68	265	213
Jan 2004	11	14	9
Feb 2004	10	19	13
Mar 2004	10	30	21
Apr 2004	13	32	17
May 2004	14	25	13
Jun 2004	3	19	11
Jul 2004	13	20	11
Aug 2004	27	16	4
Sep 2004	16	24	17
Oct 2004	9	31	15
Nov 2004	17	26	8
Dec 2004	21	55	18
Total 2004	164	311	157
Jan 2005	13	29	14
Feb 2005	27	27	16
Mar 2005	26	17	8
Apr 2005	14	10	16
May 2005	17	16	15
Jun 2005	11	24	11
Jul 2005	11	17	10
Aug 2005	12	12	10
Sep 2005	9	8	5
Oct 2005	6	19	8
Nov 2005	15	13	6
Dec 2005	20	28	16
Total 2005	181	220	135
Jan 2006	16	17	6
Feb 2006	18	22	5
Mar 2006	22	29	7
Apr 2006	19	15	15
May 2006	17	7	10
Jun 2006	11	12	9
Jul 2006	7	20	12
Aug 2006	8	10	12
Sep 2006	6	19	8
Oct 2006	16	24	12
Nov 2006	26	34	15
Dec 2006	19	25	13
Total 2006	185	234	124
Jan 2007	20	20	11
Feb 2007	21	21	12
Mar 2007	29	11	12
Apr 2007	29	18	13
May 2007	24	17	10
Jun 2007	14	10	6
Jul 2007	12	13	6
Aug 2007	15	12	8
Sep 2007	18	14	8
Oct 2007	16	13	10
Nov 2007	19	13	11
Dec 2007	17	11	14
Total 2007	234	173	121
Jan 2008	19	17	22
Feb 2008	29	11	15
Mar 2008	16	18	14
Apr 2008	34	10	12
May 2008	25	20	7
Jun 2008	20	13	15
Jul 2008	18	9	7
Aug 2008	19	4	6
Sep 2008	26	9	8
Oct 2008	32	7	7
Nov 2008	25	6	7
Dec 2008	26	20	16
Total 2008	289	144	136
Jan 2009	23	9	9
Feb 2009	33	10	14
Mar 2009	31	8	3
Apr 2009	19	6	7
May 2009	11	8	6
Jun 2009	19	9	6
Jul 2009	21	5	10
Aug 2009	14	7	8
Sep 2009	30	12	9
Oct 2009	39	14	8
Nov 2009	29	12	11
Dec 2009	24	5	4
Total 2009	293	105	95
Jan 2010	34	13	15
Feb 2010	24	8	8
Mar 2010	38	8	6
Apr 2010	29	12	10
May 2010	30	9	8
Jun 2010	22	8	5
Jul 2010	20	6	6
Aug 2010	18	12	6
Sep 2010	17	14	9
Oct 2010	29	10	5
Nov 2010	44	11	7
Dec 2010	31	6	14
Total 2010	336	117	99
Jan 2011	25	9	5
Feb 2011	23	14	9
Mar 2011	37	14	9
Apr 2011	16	11	8
May 2011	24	8	13
Jun 2011	28	33	13
Jul 2011	24	21	12
Aug 2011	18	6	14
Sep 2011	58	14	15
Oct 2011	34	12	23
Nov 2011	24	17	24
Dec 2011	36	12	18
Total 2011	347	171	163
Jan 2012	20	16	18
Feb 2012	28	10	27
Mar 2012	26	11	8
Apr 2012	19	12	16
May 2012	20	14	16
Jun 2012	19	16	15
Jul 2012	10	13	13
Aug 2012	9	11	14
Sep 2012	7	6	21
Oct 2012	17	11	36
Nov 2012	21	17	26
Dec 2012	39	10	23
Total 2012	235	147	233
Jan 2013	15	8	31
Feb 2013	23	16	49
Mar 2013	16	12	30
Apr 2013	11	7	39
May 2013	6	8	32
Jun 2013	1	7	20
Jul 2013	4	6	30
Aug 2013	3	3	25
Sep 2013	4	5	30
Oct 2013	4	10	67
Nov 2013	9	4	46
Dec 2013	2	7	38
Total 2013	98	93	437
Jan 2014	5	2	81
Feb 2014	3	9	518
Mar 2014	0	1	71
Apr 2014	1	11	59
May 2014	35	5	54
Jun 2014	8	7	44
Jul 2014	11	6	27
Aug 2014	5	7	42
Sep 2014	0	14	103
Oct 2014	5	21	57
Nov 2014	4	20	76
Dec 2014	8	11	56
Total 2014	85	114	1188
Jan 2015	1	11	51
Feb 2015	5	26	46
Mar 2015	8	32	10
Apr 2015	8	10	41
May 2015	4	2	48
Jun 2015	5	10	40
Jul 2015	1	12	27
Aug 2015	2	8	33
Sep 2015	2	10	39
Oct 2015	10	4	84
Nov 2015	5	9	39
Dec 2015	11	5	42
Total 2015	62	139	500
Jan 2016	7	4	59
Feb 2016	6	9	49
Mar 2016	19	17	41
Apr 2016	6	6	43
May 2016	8	8	33
Jun 2016	8	9	28
Jul 2016	1	12	17
Aug 2016	4	3	20
Sep 2016	4	7	29
Oct 2016	3	11	25
Nov 2016	6	11	71
Dec 2016	0	14	36
Total 2016	72	111	451
Jan 2017	0	14	30
Feb 2017	0	12	22
Mar 2017	0	42	18
Apr 2017	0	11	3
May 2017	1	16	9
Jun 2017	0	16	2
Jul 2017	1	21	2
Aug 2017	0	11	8
Sep 2017	3	4	6
Oct 2017	0	18	4
Nov 2017	2	17	4
Dec 2017	0	13	3
Total 2017	7	195	111
Jan 2018	0	10	2
Feb 2018	3	19	4
Mar 2018	0	14	3
Apr 2018	3	29	4
May 2018	1	20	22
Jun 2018	1	34	14
Jul 2018	1	12	10
Aug 2018	2	9	10
Sep 2018	0	19	17
Oct 2018	1	17	18
Nov 2018	0	23	18
Dec 2018	0	10	5
Total 2018	12	216	127
Jan 2019	1	16	5
Feb 2019	4	14	7
Mar 2019	2	15	6
Apr 2019	0	13	13
May 2019	4	23	9
Jun 2019	3	19	5
Jul 2019	4	11	4
Aug 2019	1	22	6
Sep 2019	3	53	3
Oct 2019	3	76	4
Nov 2019	3	23	8
Dec 2019	3	18	9
Total 2019	31	303	79
Jan 2020	1	13	1
Feb 2020	4	11	4
Mar 2020	0	9	1
Apr 2020	1	24	4
May 2020	1	23	2
Jun 2020	1	17	1
Jul 2020	0	15	2
Aug 2020	2	17	8
Sep 2020	7	23	12
Oct 2020	3	33	7
Nov 2020	3	39	5
Dec 2020	4	26	2
Total 2020	27	250	49
Jan 2021	1	22	5
Feb 2021	0	37	12
Mar 2021	3	56	15
Apr 2021	2	39	6
May 2021	4	36	6
Jun 2021	2	29	3
Jul 2021	2	32	12
Aug 2021	0	24	11
Sep 2021	1	44	6
Oct 2021	0	36	19
Nov 2021	2	22	18
Dec 2021	1	23	13
Total 2021	18	400	126
Jan 2022	4	29	7
Feb 2022	1	19	2
Mar 2022	1	30	7
Apr 2022	0	31	4
May 2022	0	11	3
Total 2022	6	120	23
Total	2972	4820	5249