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ARTICLE, Cellular/Molecular

The Curry Spice Curcumin Reduces Oxidative Damage and Amyloid Pathology in an Alzheimer Transgenic Mouse

Giselle P. Lim, Teresa Chu, Fusheng Yang, Walter Beech, Sally A. Frautschy and Greg M. Cole
Journal of Neuroscience 1 November 2001, 21 (21) 8370-8377; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.21-21-08370.2001
Giselle P. Lim
1Departments of Medicine and
3Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Sepulveda, California 91343
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Teresa Chu
1Departments of Medicine and
3Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Sepulveda, California 91343
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Fusheng Yang
1Departments of Medicine and
3Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Sepulveda, California 91343
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Walter Beech
1Departments of Medicine and
3Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Sepulveda, California 91343
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Sally A. Frautschy
1Departments of Medicine and
2Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, and
3Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Sepulveda, California 91343
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Greg M. Cole
1Departments of Medicine and
2Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, and
3Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Sepulveda, California 91343
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Abstract

Inflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients is characterized by increased cytokines and activated microglia. Epidemiological studies suggest reduced AD risk associates with long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Whereas chronic ibuprofen suppressed inflammation and plaque-related pathology in an Alzheimer transgenic APPSw mouse model (Tg2576), excessive use of NSAIDs targeting cyclooxygenase I can cause gastrointestinal, liver, and renal toxicity. One alternative NSAID is curcumin, derived from the curry spice turmeric. Curcumin has an extensive history as a food additive and herbal medicine in India and is also a potent polyphenolic antioxidant. To evaluate whether it could affect Alzheimer-like pathology in the APPSw mice, we tested a low (160 ppm) and a high dose of dietary curcumin (5000 ppm) on inflammation, oxidative damage, and plaque pathology. Low and high doses of curcumin significantly lowered oxidized proteins and interleukin-1β, a proinflammatory cytokine elevated in the brains of these mice. With low-dose but not high-dose curcumin treatment, the astrocytic marker GFAP was reduced, and insoluble β-amyloid (Aβ), soluble Aβ, and plaque burden were significantly decreased by 43–50%. However, levels of amyloid precursor (APP) in the membrane fraction were not reduced. Microgliosis was also suppressed in neuronal layers but not adjacent to plaques. In view of its efficacy and apparent low toxicity, this Indian spice component shows promise for the prevention of Alzheimer's disease.

  • Alzheimer's disease
  • inflammation
  • oxidative damage
  • anti-oxidant
  • microglia
  • plaque
  • interleukin-1β
  • Tg2576
  • APPswedish
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The Journal of Neuroscience: 21 (21)
Journal of Neuroscience
Vol. 21, Issue 21
1 Nov 2001
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The Curry Spice Curcumin Reduces Oxidative Damage and Amyloid Pathology in an Alzheimer Transgenic Mouse
Giselle P. Lim, Teresa Chu, Fusheng Yang, Walter Beech, Sally A. Frautschy, Greg M. Cole
Journal of Neuroscience 1 November 2001, 21 (21) 8370-8377; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.21-21-08370.2001

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The Curry Spice Curcumin Reduces Oxidative Damage and Amyloid Pathology in an Alzheimer Transgenic Mouse
Giselle P. Lim, Teresa Chu, Fusheng Yang, Walter Beech, Sally A. Frautschy, Greg M. Cole
Journal of Neuroscience 1 November 2001, 21 (21) 8370-8377; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.21-21-08370.2001
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Keywords

  • Alzheimer's disease
  • inflammation
  • oxidative damage
  • anti-oxidant
  • microglia
  • plaque
  • interleukin-1β
  • Tg2576
  • APPswedish

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Cellular/Molecular

  • Calcium Influx via L- and N-Type Calcium Channels Activates a Transient Large-Conductance Ca2+-Activated K+Current in Mouse Neocortical Pyramidal Neurons
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