Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig. 1.
Responses at a previously active and inactive lever in non-dependent and post-dependent rats. SA,Ethanol-reinforced responses at the end of self-administration training; EXT, responses during the final three extinction sessions; Reinstatement, responses after intermittent footshock (Stress), during response-contingent presentation of an ethanol-associated conditioned stimulus (EtOH CS), and response-contingent presentation of the EtOH CS after footshock (Stress + EtOH CS). *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01 different from extinction; +p < 0.05; ++p < 0.01 different from Stress and EtOH CS; #p < 0.05 differences between non-dependent and post-dependent rats.
- Fig. 2.
Cumulative responses in the Stress, EtOH CS, and Stress + EtOH CS conditions. [Note different ordinate scales for non-dependent (top) and post-dependent (bottom).]
- Fig. 3.
Effects of d-Phe-CRF and naltrexone on reinstatement after extinction (EXT) in the Stress, EtOH CS, and Stress + EtOH CS conditions. d-Phe-CRF antagonized footshock but not EtOH CS-induced responding. Conversely, naltrexone reversed the response-reinstating effects of the EtOH CS but not of footshock. Both d-Phe-CRF and naltrexone partially reversed reinstatement in the Stress + EtOH-CS condition, but responding remained significantly above extinction levels. (Note: For the sake of clarity of the illustration, EXT data have been collapsed across the three groups in each reinstatement condition.) *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001 different from respective extinction performance; +p < 0.05 different from Stress and EtOH CS vehicle controls; #p < 0.05; ##p < 0.01 different from vehicle.
- Fig. 4.
Coadministration of d-Phe-CRF and naltrexone reversed the Stress + EtOH CS interactive effects to levels indistinguishable from extinction (EXT) responses. **p < 0.01, different from EXT; ++p < 0.01 different from d-Phe-CRF + naltrexone.
