Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig. 1.
Representative photomicrographs depicting the BSTc in males (top row) and females (bottom row) in sections stained immunocytochemically for VIP (A, C, E,G) and somatostatin (SOM) (B, D, F,G) during development. A,B, #87036, 14 years old; C,D, #99071, 39 years old; E,F, #99060, 16 years old; G,H, #92037, 32 years old. Note that the BSTc in males is larger than in females only in adulthood (#99071 vs #92037). Scale bar, 1 mm. ac, Anterior commissure; ic, internal capsule; lv, lateral ventricle.
- Fig. 2.
BSTc development in males and females.A, C, BSTc volume as delineated by its VIP innervation. B, D, BSTc volume as delineated by its somatostatin innervation. E, Total number of BSTc neurons in males and females in adulthood.
Tables
NBB number Sex Age Brain weight (gm) Postmortem delay (hr) Fixation (d) VIP (mm3) SOM (mm3) Clinicopathological diagnosis Males (n = 25) Fetal/neonatal period 81024 m 26 4/7 weeks 110 1:52 51 0.216 0.376 Pulmonary failure 84032 m 27 weeks 142 21:45 45 0.241 0.462 Cardiac failure 97154 m 33 6/7 weeks 186 7:55 32 0.729 1.136 Respiratory insufficiency 82002 m 35 1/7 weeks 322 <41:00 32 0.766 1.088 Pericardial rupture 94054 m 36 2/7 weeks 357 <24:00 118 0.703 1.238 Pulmonalis atresia, cardiac insufficiency 90095 m 38 1/7 weeks 320 14:05 26 0.624 1.018 Respiratory insufficiency 88120 m 40 weeks 440 <17:00 31 1.284 2.125 Asphyxia Infant/pubertal period 88053 m 3 months 485 <41:00 35 1.445 2.520 Pulmonal insufficiency, Fallot's tetralogy 85036 m 3 months 635 <17:00 73 1.583 2.582 Cardiac failure, aortic stenosis, cerebral ischemia 84019 m 3 months 710 <11:00 792 1.034 2.318 Sudden infant death syndrome 86041 m 6 months 800 <6:30 14 1.515 2.663 Sudden infant death syndrome 88092 m 1 year 920 <41:00 31 2.587 4.536 Penthotal intoxication, hypoxia 88058 m 1 year 1070 <35:35 28 2.597 3.843 Bacterial meningitis, sepsis 84016 m 5 years 1565 23:55 100 2.083 3.074 Sepsis 87057 m 6 years 1550 3:30 41 3.836 5.637 Peritonitis 98116 m 8 years nd <17:10 103 2.826 5.595 Cardiomyopathy 87036 m 14 years 1640 <41:00 32 4.968 8.059 Lymphadenopathy Adult period 97083 m 22 years 1334 <16:29 26 4.067 5.897 Cardiomyopathy 97173 m 24 years 1364 <33:30 31 3.969 6.708 Accidental death 86042 m 28 years 1450 <17:00 46 3.618 5.254 Guillain-Barrésyndrome 96406 m 35 years 1430 13:30 1214 3.288 6.598 Pulmonary aspergillosis 99071 m 39 years 1400 <16:30 130 3.362 6.919 Cardiac failure 88011 m 41 years 1500 20:30 33 4.464 6.745 Suicide 92011 m 47 years 1500 <89:00 77 4.258 4.915 Sepsis 97159 m 48 years 1500 5:30 42 3.757 5.948 Diabetes mellitus type I, euthanasia Females (n = 25) Fetal/neonatal period 89056 f 25 6/7 weeks 100 <65:00 31 0.362 0.579 Idiopathic (infant) respiratory distress syndrome 96401 f 27 2/7 weeks 77 <41:00 1301 0.217 0.460 Congenital infection 98193 f 30 6/7 weeks 116 3:00 82 0.579 1.023 Sepsis 86030 f 31 2/7 weeks 200 <41:00 33 1.011 1.545 Hypoxia 87024 f 34 5/7 weeks 180 <3:15 38 0.368 0.770 Idiopathic (infant) respiratory distress syndrome 96403 f 34 4/7 weeks 197 <57:19 1288 0.385 0.951 Developmental syndrome 88123 f 37 6/7 weeks 350 <41:00 30 1.067 2.544 Cardiac failure 89092 f 40 1/7 weeks 380 30:45 28 0.696 1.066 Asphyxia 88077 f 40 2/7 weeks 350 <65:00 56 0.782 1.378 Asphyxia 87028 f 41 4/7 weeks 350 <41:00 33 0.880 2.444 Aspiration of maternal blood Infant/pubertal period 86027 f 5 months 735 10:00 40 1.028 1.890 Sudden infant death syndrome 89027 f 6 months 780 <17:00 28 1.033 2.890 Cardiomyopathy 89036 f 1 year 820 nd 31 2.366 3.956 Hypoglycaemia 85031 f 2 years nd <65:00 48 1.028 4.699 Kidney dysplasia, sepsis 87077 f 7 years 1320 <9:45 33 1.033 5.287 Astrocytoma 87035 f 13 years 1250 <13:00 48 2.366 7.243 Histiocystic lymphoma, cardiac failure 99060 f 16 years 1364 <43:00 238 3.251 6.662 Diabetes mellitus, acidosis Adult period 85041 f 28 years nd 5:25 44 3.218 6.384 Cardiac failure 85027 f 29 years 1150 13:10 60 4.318 3.131 Coma, liver cirrhosis 92037 f 32 years 1280 30:00 45 3.518 3.334 Bronchitis, pneumonia 86032 f 33 years 1035 <41:00 20 2.411 4.179 Adenocarcinoma 84002 f 36 years 1420 85:40 51 1.893 3.688 Suicide, multiple fractures, aortic rupture 97131 f 43 years 1345 <92:00 63 2.293 3.647 Cardiac failure, liver cirrhosis 89104 f 49 years 1260 <41:00 32 3.877 6.512 Lung carcinoma, septic shock 96423 f 49 years 1253 <17:00 806 3.183 5.316 Adenocarcinoma, thrombo-embolism M, Male; F, female; nd, not determined; NBB, Netherlands Brain Bank; SOM, somatostatin.
NBB Sex Age (years) Brain weight (gm) Postmortem delay (hr) Fixation (d) Neuronal density (mm3) Total number of BSTc neurons Males (n = 8) 97083 m 22 1334 <16:29 26 12930 76249 97173 m 24 1364 <33:30 31 17012 114120 86042 m 28 1450 <17:00 46 18240 96200 96406 m 35 1430 13:30 1214 18095 119383 99071 m 39 1400 <16:30 130 16346 113095 88011 m 41 1500 20:30 33 15158 102247 92011 m 47 1500 <89:00 77 18267 89782 97159 m 48 1500 5:30 42 15070 89630 Females (n = 7) 85041 f 28 nd 5:25 44 16255 103774 85027 f 29 1150 13:10 60 19597 61353 86032 f 33 1035 <41:00 20 19541 81669 84002 f 36 1420 85:40 51 20204 74509 97131 f 43 1345 <92:00 63 20639 75268 89104 f 49 1260 <41:00 32 13552 88245 96423 f 49 1253 <17:00 806 17443 92717 NBB, Netherlands Brain Bank; F, female; M, male; SOM, somatostatin.
