Involvement of the Lateral Hypothalamic Peptide Orexin in Morphine Dependence and Withdrawal

Dan Georgescu; Venetia Zachariou; Michel Barrot; Michihiro Mieda; Jon T. Willie; Amelia J. Eisch; Masashi Yanagisawa; Eric J. Nestler; Ralph J. DiLeone

doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.23-08-03106.2003

Article Information

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.23-08-03106.2003

PubMed

12716916

Published By

Society for Neuroscience

History

Received December 18, 2002
Revision received January 30, 2003
Accepted February 4, 2003
First published April 15, 2003.

Version of record published April 15, 2003.

Author Information

Dan Georgescu1,
Venetia Zachariou1,
Michel Barrot1,3,
Michihiro Mieda2,
Jon T. Willie2,
Amelia J. Eisch1,
Masashi Yanagisawa2,
Eric J. Nestler1, and
Ralph J. DiLeone1

¹Department of Psychiatry, and
²Department of Molecular Genetics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9070, and
³Unité Mixte de Recherche 7519, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University Louis Pasteur, 67084 Strasbourg, France

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Author contributions

Disclosures

Received December 18, 2002.
Revision received January 30, 2003.
Accepted February 4, 2003.

This study was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health to E.J.N. M.Y. is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. We thank Chitra Mandyam and Linda Perrotti for advice on antibody staining and Wylie Vale for the gift of anti-MCH antibody.
Correspondence should be addressed to Dr. Ralph DiLeone, Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9070. E-mail:ralph.dileone{at}utsouthwestern.edu.

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	Abstract	Full	Pdf
Apr 2003	86	43	132
May 2003	261	281	329
Jun 2003	25	119	102
Jul 2003	29	101	85
Aug 2003	18	88	58
Sep 2003	20	72	41
Oct 2003	21	58	33
Nov 2003	30	64	32
Dec 2003	21	43	21
Total 2003	511	869	833
Jan 2004	22	66	26
Feb 2004	26	43	26
Mar 2004	23	55	29
Apr 2004	14	48	35
May 2004	22	50	38
Jun 2004	23	56	40
Jul 2004	16	28	20
Aug 2004	19	56	41
Sep 2004	22	38	29
Oct 2004	15	60	23
Nov 2004	10	52	33
Dec 2004	17	61	32
Total 2004	229	613	372
Jan 2005	23	57	36
Feb 2005	16	45	38
Mar 2005	12	25	16
Apr 2005	13	33	11
May 2005	7	38	23
Jun 2005	5	44	30
Jul 2005	12	27	21
Aug 2005	7	44	33
Sep 2005	13	42	38
Oct 2005	10	40	34
Nov 2005	14	35	21
Dec 2005	4	39	38
Total 2005	136	469	339
Jan 2006	10	38	30
Feb 2006	13	53	54
Mar 2006	10	31	64
Apr 2006	12	35	27
May 2006	4	39	37
Jun 2006	7	42	50
Jul 2006	7	21	28
Aug 2006	14	20	26
Sep 2006	7	28	18
Oct 2006	12	29	27
Nov 2006	14	45	41
Dec 2006	13	25	26
Total 2006	123	406	428
Jan 2007	16	34	27
Feb 2007	6	28	16
Mar 2007	20	32	44
Apr 2007	6	28	31
May 2007	2	26	25
Jun 2007	7	29	21
Jul 2007	3	29	23
Aug 2007	5	29	21
Sep 2007	5	40	31
Oct 2007	9	23	28
Nov 2007	15	37	31
Dec 2007	7	25	26
Total 2007	101	360	324
Jan 2008	7	26	24
Feb 2008	10	32	24
Mar 2008	17	36	22
Apr 2008	17	23	32
May 2008	14	30	23
Jun 2008	13	15	12
Jul 2008	15	27	24
Aug 2008	24	48	20
Sep 2008	29	41	14
Oct 2008	28	42	19
Nov 2008	25	17	17
Dec 2008	13	28	33
Total 2008	212	365	264
Jan 2009	10	27	13
Feb 2009	14	33	16
Mar 2009	47	36	22
Apr 2009	19	36	30
May 2009	9	31	16
Jun 2009	7	30	20
Jul 2009	12	15	16
Aug 2009	4	14	11
Sep 2009	11	18	18
Oct 2009	20	22	15
Nov 2009	10	18	18
Dec 2009	10	17	10
Total 2009	173	297	205
Jan 2010	12	21	23
Feb 2010	10	17	18
Mar 2010	14	22	22
Apr 2010	4	20	17
May 2010	10	20	25
Jun 2010	6	21	29
Jul 2010	9	23	22
Aug 2010	7	16	20
Sep 2010	6	31	24
Oct 2010	20	25	34
Nov 2010	7	21	20
Dec 2010	11	18	12
Total 2010	116	255	266
Jan 2011	9	26	20
Feb 2011	15	19	14
Mar 2011	19	16	4
Apr 2011	15	20	16
May 2011	12	25	22
Jun 2011	6	19	17
Jul 2011	6	17	25
Aug 2011	31	15	23
Sep 2011	16	27	26
Oct 2011	16	83	33
Nov 2011	24	25	24
Dec 2011	12	27	19
Total 2011	181	319	243
Jan 2012	11	17	18
Feb 2012	19	17	24
Mar 2012	14	7	25
Apr 2012	12	15	17
May 2012	28	19	13
Jun 2012	17	14	12
Jul 2012	10	14	29
Aug 2012	14	6	25
Sep 2012	19	12	27
Oct 2012	22	14	36
Nov 2012	28	9	47
Dec 2012	47	12	28
Total 2012	241	156	301
Jan 2013	18	21	33
Feb 2013	16	18	29
Mar 2013	25	18	30
Apr 2013	43	25	25
May 2013	16	25	21
Jun 2013	20	20	38
Jul 2013	19	15	27
Aug 2013	18	17	18
Sep 2013	14	8	19
Oct 2013	24	26	32
Nov 2013	21	16	37
Dec 2013	10	12	23
Total 2013	244	221	332
Jan 2014	24	8	24
Feb 2014	22	11	22
Mar 2014	12	15	27
Apr 2014	22	18	30
May 2014	31	10	22
Jun 2014	23	9	21
Jul 2014	11	15	13
Aug 2014	39	9	16
Sep 2014	30	10	16
Oct 2014	16	15	21
Nov 2014	15	17	23
Dec 2014	19	14	17
Total 2014	264	151	252
Jan 2015	11	21	15
Feb 2015	4	20	14
Mar 2015	14	14	8
Apr 2015	5	22	17
May 2015	21	22	23
Jun 2015	19	29	15
Jul 2015	8	15	11
Aug 2015	7	3	16
Sep 2015	18	11	10
Oct 2015	8	17	10
Nov 2015	24	14	16
Dec 2015	13	14	17
Total 2015	152	202	172
Jan 2016	13	15	20
Feb 2016	26	8	20
Mar 2016	38	20	25
Apr 2016	17	25	13
May 2016	15	26	19
Jun 2016	12	5	13
Jul 2016	21	11	11
Aug 2016	7	13	11
Sep 2016	16	8	16
Oct 2016	14	20	16
Nov 2016	17	26	30
Dec 2016	9	21	14
Total 2016	205	198	208
Jan 2017	14	30	25
Feb 2017	4	35	9
Mar 2017	5	36	12
Apr 2017	4	29	11
May 2017	1	49	12
Jun 2017	7	17	7
Jul 2017	0	15	9
Aug 2017	1	15	9
Sep 2017	4	25	10
Oct 2017	10	24	7
Nov 2017	6	31	15
Dec 2017	4	18	7
Total 2017	60	324	133
Jan 2018	6	32	10
Feb 2018	2	19	8
Mar 2018	4	25	5
Apr 2018	7	27	10
May 2018	4	33	7
Jun 2018	3	49	9
Jul 2018	2	37	15
Aug 2018	0	21	6
Sep 2018	0	28	10
Oct 2018	1	25	19
Nov 2018	1	33	17
Dec 2018	0	22	7
Total 2018	30	351	123
Jan 2019	0	13	8
Feb 2019	4	34	19
Mar 2019	7	31	31
Apr 2019	4	31	32
May 2019	8	31	28
Jun 2019	10	28	26
Jul 2019	11	7	20
Aug 2019	15	40	34
Sep 2019	9	49	23
Oct 2019	12	50	31
Nov 2019	8	14	21
Dec 2019	9	13	19
Total 2019	97	341	292
Jan 2020	13	15	28
Feb 2020	5	21	18
Mar 2020	7	117	33
Apr 2020	5	8	5
May 2020	9	20	13
Jun 2020	10	13	11
Jul 2020	1	15	4
Aug 2020	4	8	4
Sep 2020	10	19	23
Oct 2020	4	40	13
Nov 2020	9	19	10
Dec 2020	20	46	22
Total 2020	97	341	184
Jan 2021	6	27	13
Feb 2021	8	46	19
Total 2021	14	73	32
Total	3186	6311	5303