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Behavioral/Systems/Cognitive

Cortical Synaptogenesis and Motor Map Reorganization Occur during Late, But Not Early, Phase of Motor Skill Learning

Jeffrey A. Kleim, Theresa M. Hogg, Penny M. VandenBerg, Natalie R. Cooper, Rochelle Bruneau and Michael Remple
Journal of Neuroscience 21 January 2004, 24 (3) 628-633; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3440-03.2004
Jeffrey A. Kleim
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Theresa M. Hogg
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Penny M. VandenBerg
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Natalie R. Cooper
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Rochelle Bruneau
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Michael Remple
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    Figure 1.

    A, Performance of animals on the skilled reaching task after 3, 7, or10 d of training. Closed circles represent performance on the first day of training (Baseline), and open squares represent performance on the last day of training (Test). In comparison with baseline levels, all animals showed a significant increase in the percentage of successful reaches on the test day (*p < 0.05; Student's dependent t test). B, Performance on the last day of training for all three training durations. Reaching accuracy did not significantly differ between the 7 and 10 d animals, but both were significantly higher than the 3 d animals (*p < 0.05; Fisher's PLSD).

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    Figure 2.

    Representative motor maps from SRC and URC animals after 3, 7, and 10 d of training. SRC animals exhibited a significant increase in the proportion of the CFA occupied by distal movement (green) representations in comparison with URC animals after 10 d of training. URC animals had a significantly greater proportion of CFA occupied by proximal movement (blue) than SRC animals after 10 d of training. Vibrissae representations are shown in purple, head/neck representations are shown in yellow, and nonresponse sites are shown in gray. Bregma is indicated by a red line.

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    Figure 3.

    Left, Total area of the CFA in SRC and URC animals in the three different training schedules. The mean percentage of the CFA ± SEM occupied by distal (middle) and proximal (right) forelimb movement representations. SRC animals had a significantly greater proportion of the CFA occupied by distal movement representations than the URC animals after 10 d of training (*p < 0.05; Fisher's PLSD). Conversely, URC animals had a significantly greater proportion of the CFA occupied by proximal movement representations than SRC animals after 10 d (*p < 0.05; PLSD).

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    Figure 4.

    Neuron density (Nvneuron) (A), synapse density (Nvsynapse) (B), and number of synapses per neuron (Syn/Neuron) (C) within layer V of the CFA. SRC animals had a significantly lower density of neurons than URC animals after 7 and 10 d of training (*p < 0.05; Fisher's PLSD). No significant differences in synapse density were found between SRC and URC animals in any of the three training schedules. SRC animals had significantly more synapses per neuron than URC animals after 7 and 10 d of training (*p < 0.05; Fisher's PLSD).

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The Journal of Neuroscience: 24 (3)
Journal of Neuroscience
Vol. 24, Issue 3
21 Jan 2004
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Cortical Synaptogenesis and Motor Map Reorganization Occur during Late, But Not Early, Phase of Motor Skill Learning
Jeffrey A. Kleim, Theresa M. Hogg, Penny M. VandenBerg, Natalie R. Cooper, Rochelle Bruneau, Michael Remple
Journal of Neuroscience 21 January 2004, 24 (3) 628-633; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3440-03.2004

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Cortical Synaptogenesis and Motor Map Reorganization Occur during Late, But Not Early, Phase of Motor Skill Learning
Jeffrey A. Kleim, Theresa M. Hogg, Penny M. VandenBerg, Natalie R. Cooper, Rochelle Bruneau, Michael Remple
Journal of Neuroscience 21 January 2004, 24 (3) 628-633; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3440-03.2004
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